Comparison of Mutual Awareness in Analog Vs. Digital Control Rooms

Savchenko, Kateryna; Medema, Heather; Boring, Ronald L.; Ulrich, Thomas A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60645-3_19

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Experiences and developments on SA in the automotive and aviation sectors also hold important findings [73,74,75]. Case studies on SA in control rooms provide insight on workflows in the mentioned domains as documented in [76,20,24,77,69,17,18,35,78,79].…”

Section: Features Of Modern Grid Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In electric power systems, EMS and DMS are assistant systems for supervision and estimation of the grid state, frequency control, economic dispatch after load events, contingency analyses, and stability assessments [5]. [24,67,68,69]. Industrial automation in manufacturing and the process industry are perhaps the most advanced in terms of automation because of their long history [70,71,72,22,38].…”

Section: Features Of Modern Grid Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The future role of human operators in highly automated electric power systems

Prostejovsky

Brosinsky

Heussen

et al. 2019

Electric Power Systems Research

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Section: Features Of Modern Grid Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Features Of Modern Grid Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future role of human operators in highly automated electric power systems

Prostejovsky

Brosinsky

Heussen

et al. 2019

Electric Power Systems Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, this method requires significant labor and may be subjective. The problem could be exacerbated in an advanced MCR, where personal computer-based workstations make it difficult for a supervisor to detect fellow operators' attention states (Savchenko et al, 2017 ). In this situation, remote measurement of attention would be a useful tool providing real-time feedback to the supervisor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosignal-Based Attention Monitoring to Support Nuclear Operator Safety-Relevant Tasks

Kim

Jung

et al. 2020

Front. Comput. Neurosci.

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In the main control room (MCR) of a nuclear power plant (NPP), the quality of an operator's performance can depend on their level of attention to the task. Insufficient operator attention accounted for more than 26% of the total causes of human errors and is the highest category for errors. It is therefore necessary to check whether operators are sufficiently attentive either as supervisors or peers during reactor operation. Recently, digital control technologies have been introduced to the operating environment of an NPP MCR. These upgrades are expected to enhance plant and operator performance. At the same time, because personal computers are used in the advanced MCR, the operators perform more cognitive works than physical work. However, operators may not consciously check fellow operators' attention in this environment indicating potentially higher importance of the role of operator attention. Therefore, remote measurement of an operator's attention in real time would be a useful tool, providing feedback to supervisors. The objective of this study is to investigate the development of quantitative indicators that can identify an operator's attention, to diagnose or detect a lack of operator attention thus preventing potential human errors in advanced MCRs. To establish a robust baseline of operator attention, this study used two of the widely used biosignals: electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movement. We designed an experiment to collect EEG and eye movements of the subjects who were monitoring and diagnosing nuclear operator safety-relevant tasks. There was a statistically significant difference between biosignals with and without appropriate attention. Furthermore, an average classification accuracy of about 90% was obtained by the k-nearest neighbors and support vector machine classifiers with a few EEG and eye movements features. Potential applications of EEG and eye movement measures in monitoring and diagnosis tasks in an NPP MCR are also discussed.

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“…The logs were simply used to reference segments of interest during the scenario or capture helpful comments by the operators. Additional post hoc analysis of crew interactions are possible in the future, e.g., to establish levels of mutual awareness among operators when using different technologies (Savchenko et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there are many measures of individual and team situation awareness-the degree to which the operator and crews know what's happening at any given time-there are currently no good measures on mutual awareness-the degree to which the operators know what other operators are doing. There is evidence to suggest that digital HSIs may contribute to a breakdown in mutual awareness and threeway communication (Savchenko et al, 2017). A new measure is being developed to assess mutual awareness in the crew across scenarios and highlight any emerging degradations in mutual awareness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog, Digital, or Enhanced Human-System Interfaces? Results of an Operator-in-the-Loop Study on Main Control Room Modernization for a Nuclear Power Plant

Boring

Ulrich

Lew

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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The second Operator Study of System Overviews (OSSO-2) was conducted with a three-person reactor operator crew in the Human Systems Simulation Laboratory (HSSL) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in August, 2017. The study supported control room modernization at a nuclear power plant and featured a benchmark comparison of three variants of a turbine control system (TCS): the existing analog TCS, a proposed standalone digital TCS with two displays, and the digital TCS with the addition of a third display consisting of a system overview screen. TCS prototypes were developed at INL to allow evaluation of operator performance and preferences during realistic turbine scenarios in the full-scope simulator. The study revealed that completion of turbine startup was several minutes faster with the digital TCS variants than with the conventional analog TCS. Eye tracking scan paths were more widely distributed in the overview vs. standalone TCS condition, suggesting the overview screen was cueing reactor operators to verify values across the boards. There was no significant difference in workload or situation awareness across the three interfaces. Reviewing key plant parameters showed smoother transitions during load following for the digital vs. analog TCS. Despite some performance advantages for the digital TCS variants, operators preferred the existing analog TCS. Openended responses suggested this finding may be more an artifact of familiarity than a reflection of dissatisfaction with the new TCS. OSSO-2 provides compelling evidence that the new digital TCS was used successfully by the operators without extensive training of rewriting of the operating procedures, suggesting high usability for the digital TCS design. Further advantages were realized through the addition of the system overview screen to provide crews with at-aglance indicators of key turbine parameters. iv

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Comparison of Mutual Awareness in Analog Vs. Digital Control Rooms

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

The future role of human operators in highly automated electric power systems

The future role of human operators in highly automated electric power systems

Biosignal-Based Attention Monitoring to Support Nuclear Operator Safety-Relevant Tasks

Analog, Digital, or Enhanced Human-System Interfaces? Results of an Operator-in-the-Loop Study on Main Control Room Modernization for a Nuclear Power Plant

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