Comparison of Nanometric Particle Size Distributions as Determined by SAXS, TEM and Analytical Ultracentrifuge

Goertz, Verena; Dingenouts, N.; Nirschl, Hermann

doi:10.1002/ppsc.200800002

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Samples were then taken and sealed in quartz capillary tubes, on which small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) ex-periments were performed at the ESRF, beamline ID02. The particle size distribution was measured in the dilute limit (see supplemental information) to have a mean size of R = 13.75±1 nm and a polydispersity of δ = 9±1%, consistent with prior observations [21]. Over a range of higher concentrations the scattering spectra showed sharp peaks characteristic of fcc and bcc crystal phases, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Relative Probabilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Packing Polydisperse Colloids into Crystals: When Charge-Dispersity Matters

Bareigts

Kiatkirakajorn

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Monte-Carlo simulations and small-angle x-ray scattering experiments were used to determine the phase diagram of aqueous dispersions of titratable nano-colloids with a moderate size polydispersity over a broad range of monovalent salt concentrations, 0.5 mM ≤ cs ≤ 50 mM and volume fractions, φ. Under slow and progressive increase in φ, the dispersions freeze into a face-centered-cubic (fcc) solid followed unexpectedly by the formation of a body centered cubic (bcc) phase before to melt in a glass forming liquid. The simulations are found to predict very well these observations. They suggest that the stabilization of the bcc solid at the expense of the fcc phase at high φ and cs results from the interaction (charge) polydispersity and vibrational entropy. arXiv:1909.02774v1 [cond-mat.soft]

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Section: Relative Probabilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Packing Polydisperse Colloids into Crystals: When Charge-Dispersity Matters

Bareigts

Kiatkirakajorn

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…For example, literature shows good agreement between TEM and SAXS analyses of gold nanoparticles [119], krypton bubbles in copper [139], commercially available silica sphere dispersions [64], coated silica particles [32,136], zeolite precursor particles [33], spherical precipitates in Ni-alloys [162], and the diameter of rod-like precipitates in MgZn alloys [150], to name but a few.…”

Section: Scattering To Small Anglesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everything SAXS: small-angle scattering pattern collection and correction

Pauw

2013

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

169

136

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“…Small-angle Xray scattering (SAXS) was performed employing a modified Kratky camera. 34,35 The data analysis includes several steps as the subtraction of the background, the so-called desmearing to correct the slit length effect, and the fitting of the data applying a unified fit according to Beaucage et al 36 The fit is based on the sum of local scattering laws at different structural levels. In case of the measurement presented in this work, the primary particle level was analyzed.…”

Section: A6124mentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Doped ZnO for Lithium-Ion Anodes: Impact of the Dopant Ratio and Carbon Coating Content

Mueller

Gutsche

Nirschl

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Herein, an investigation of the impact of the dopant and carbon content in iron-doped zinc oxide/carbon composites is presented. For this purpose, a comprehensive morphological, structural, and electrochemical characterization of a series of different compounds is reported, including techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), specific surface area using the Brunauer-EmmettTeller (BET) algorithm, pycnometry, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic cycling. The obtained results reveal an impact of the iron-dopant content on the crystallite and particle size as well as the detailed de-/lithiation mechanism. The effect on the cycling stability, however, appears to be rather minor. The carbon coating content, on the contrary, has a significant influence on the cycling stability and rate capability. According to these results, a carbon content of about 10 wt% is sufficient to achieve stable cycling at lower current densities, while a carbon content of 15-20 wt% allows for specific capacities of 425-500 mAh g −1 , when applying a specific current of 1 A g −1 , for instance. Despite the tremendous commercial success of lithium-ion batteries for a wide variety of applications -ranging from small-scale portable electronics to electric bikes and scooters and, recently, electric vehicles -further enhanced energy and power densities are needed for the realization of a fully electrified public and private transport. [1][2][3][4] While optimized cell designs and battery engineering have a great impact on such improvement, the next great leap forward will require the implementation of new battery chemistries. With regard to the anode side, most research activities within the past years have focused on replacing graphite by alloying or conversion materials, which commonly allow for substantially higher specific capacities. [5][6][7] However, both material classes suffer intrinsic challenges like dramatic volume variations upon de-/lithiation (particularly in case of alloying materials) and relatively wide lithium reaction potentials, accompanied by a substantial voltage hysteresis between charge and discharge (especially in case of conversion materials), resulting in rapid capacity fading of the corresponding electrodes, comparably lower specific energies, and improvable energy storage efficiencies, respectively. [5][6][7] In an attempt to overcome these challenges, we have recently reported a new class of materials -transition metal-doped metal oxides -for which the reduced transition metal (i.e., upon lithiation) enables the reversible formation of Li 2 O, i.e., the conversion reaction. Additionally, the metal itself can form a lithium alloy. [8][9][10][11][12] Within this materials' class a particular focus was, so far, set on Fedoped ZnO with a Zn:Fe ratio of 9:1, providing a theoretical specific capacity of 966 mAh g -1 . 8,9,12 While the nanopart...

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Comparison of Nanometric Particle Size Distributions as Determined by SAXS, TEM and Analytical Ultracentrifuge

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Packing Polydisperse Colloids into Crystals: When Charge-Dispersity Matters

Packing Polydisperse Colloids into Crystals: When Charge-Dispersity Matters

Everything SAXS: small-angle scattering pattern collection and correction

Iron-Doped ZnO for Lithium-Ion Anodes: Impact of the Dopant Ratio and Carbon Coating Content

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