Comparison of New Zealand perennial clovers for resilience against common pasture pests

Gerard, P.J.; Ferguson, C. M.; Amsterdam, S. van

doi:10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.57

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Likewise, minimal differences in sod strength and handling at multiple sod harvests with increasing rates of 98-294 kg N ha −1 yr −1 were reported for either strong creeping red fescue or Chewings fescue (Braun et al, 2021a). More interestingly, the inclusion of perennial clover, which has stolons and rhizomes (Gerard et al, 2017), with hard fescue increased the strength of sod compared with fertility treatments of 0, 24.5, and 73.5 kg N ha −1 applied to hard fescue and inclusion of annual clover with hard fescue (data not shown). This effect was not observed within the three subspecies of the F. rubra complex, nor at any other sod harvest timing.…”

Section: Sod Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species, clover‐inclusion, and nitrogen fertilizer effects on sod tensile strength of fine fescue taxa

Braun

Patton

2022

Agronomy Journal

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Increasing fertilization rates from 0 to 49 kg N ha −1 during establishment of fine fescue (Festuca spp.) taxa can promote faster grow-in; however, the influence on sod production (tensile strength and handling) is unknown. More information is needed on both fine fescue taxa and the effects N fertilizer or inclusion of clover (Trifolium spp.) during establishment on sod strength. Field experiments were repeated in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 in Indiana to quantify differences among four fine fescue taxa and N fertilizer or clover-inclusion effects on sod production. Six N fertilizer levels ranged from 0 to 122.5 kg N ha −1 during the first 8 weeks after planting (WAP), and two treatments consisted of inclusion of either annual or perennial clover + 0 kg N ha −1 at seeding. Sod harvest variables were measured at harvests from 9 to 12 months after planting (MAP). Results indicate fine fescue growth habit characteristics play a large role in sod strength differences. The highest to lowest sod strength and handling was ranked as follows: strong creeping red fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. rubra Gaudin) > slender creeping red fescue [F. rubra ssp. littoralis (G. Mey.) Auquier] ≥ Chewings fescue (F. rubra ssp. commutata Gaudin) ≥ hard fescue (F. brevipila Tracey). A minimal effect on sod strength and handling at multiple sod harvests (9-12 MAP) was observed from increasing N fertilizer levels during first 8 wk of establishment or from clover inclusion.Abbreviations: MAP, months after planting; WAP, weeks after planting.

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Section: Sod Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species, clover‐inclusion, and nitrogen fertilizer effects on sod tensile strength of fine fescue taxa

Braun

Patton

2022

Agronomy Journal

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“…(Zydenbos et al 2011). Management strategies include biological control and breeding programmes focussed on disease resistance (Fitzgerald 1981;Gerard et al 2017).…”

Section: Exotic N-fixing Understorey Plants and Shrubsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of nitrogen-fixing plants to improve planted forest soil fertility and productivity in New Zealand: A review

Reid,

Wigley,

Nusrath

et al. 2024

NZJFS

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Background: Planted forests with low fertility soils are likely to require increased inputs of nitrogen (N) to satisfy increasing productivity demands. The use of N fertilisers will become more challenging due to their increasing cost and the risk of unwanted environmental impacts. Nitrogen-fixing plants may provide an alternative option to chemical fertilisers that is not only cheaper but has a lower greenhouse gas footprint. Methods: Information on N-fixing plants was collated from available literature, focusing on species previously associated with planted forests as well as other exotic N-fixing trees and New Zealand native plants not used in commercial planted forests. Results: Benefits to planted forest growth in New Zealand by N-fixing plants have been proven in only a few cases. Lupinus arboreus Sims was used in the 1970s and 1980s to increase N inputs in a planted Pinus radiata D.Don coastal forest, and improved P. radiata productivity was demonstrated. Productivity gains ceased when a blight disease infected the lupin population. Many N-fixing plants have been shown to tolerate low fertility soils and establish in planted forests, but there is limited information on their N contribution to the soil, and whether this N contribution increases P. radiata productivity. Such N-fixing plants include Lotus species, clover (Trifolium species) and weeds such as gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) and broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link), which are commonly found in association with P. radiata forests. New Zealand native N-fixing shrubs may be suitable but there is limited information available describing N-fixation or forestry management for native plant species. Conclusions: Nitrogen-fixing plants are a valuable resource, which when managed properly could be used for enhancing productivity. Issues with pests and disease, and limited knowledge regarding the management of N-fixing species, restricts adoption in planted forests. Well-designed research is needed to assess impacts on whole forest system N cycling as well as selection of appropriate plant species for use in planted forests without unintended consequences such as competition for soil moisture or light. This research needs to be integrated with forest management and delivered as practical options to ensure success.

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“…In New Zealand pastures this includes slugs (Deroceras recticulatum), clover flea (Sminthurus viridus), grass grub (Costelytra giveni), porina (Wiseana spp. ), clover weevil (Sitona obsoletus), black field cricket (Teleogryllus commodus) and root nematodes such as clover cyst (Heterodera trifolii) and root-knot (Meloidogyne hapla) [51][52][53]. Simply removing nematode effects using nematicides has shown increases of 40% for annual white clover yield and 57% for nitrogen fixed [54,55].…”

Section: Pest and Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

White Clover (Trifolium repensL.) Benefits in Grazed Pastures and Potential Improvements

Caradus¹,

Roldan²,

Voisey³

et al. 2023

Production and Utilization of Legumes - Progress and Prospects

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White clover has been, and continues to be, a valuable component of grazed pastures through improving feed quality and nutritive value, improving seasonal dry matter distribution, and providing biologically fixed nitrogen that benefits not only white clover itself but also the surrounding plants. The contribution of white clover to sustainability and environmental goals is a growing focus of breeding programs. The use of genome mapping and genotyping by sequencing to determine genetic variation and population structure in clover improvement programs needs to be expanded to improve breeding efficiencies. Seed yields also need to be improved while maintaining the selected agronomic performance traits to ensure that commercial cultivars remain cost-effective with other crops and land uses. Beneficial traits not available within the white clover genome may be provided through genetic modification and gene editing, particularly traits that contribute towards addressing challenges associated with animal nutrition and health, water quality and climate change. The inherent benefits of white clover as well as the potential for including additional beneficial traits will be described.

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Comparison of New Zealand perennial clovers for resilience against common pasture pests

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Species, clover‐inclusion, and nitrogen fertilizer effects on sod tensile strength of fine fescue taxa

Species, clover‐inclusion, and nitrogen fertilizer effects on sod tensile strength of fine fescue taxa

Use of nitrogen-fixing plants to improve planted forest soil fertility and productivity in New Zealand: A review

White Clover (Trifolium repensL.) Benefits in Grazed Pastures and Potential Improvements

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