Comparison of novel fungal mycelia strains and sustainable growth substrates to produce humidity-resistant biocomposites

Tacer-Caba, Zeynep; Varis, Jutta; Lankinen, Pauliina; Mikkonen, Kirsi S.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108728

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Since there is an increasing interest in developing mycelium based biocomposites, there are many studies focused on the attempt to find new strains able to produce a strong and dense network of fungal filaments. As an example, it was reported a biomaterial including Trichoderma asperellum and Agaricus bisporus , grown on oat husk and rapeseed cake after oil pressing [ 23 ]. A manufacturing system of seven steps was elaborated to produce a sandwich structure of biocomposites made from agriculture waste and mushroom mycelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Based Biopolymer Composites for Construction Materials

et al. 2021

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Environmental contamination, extensive exploitation of fuel sources and accessibility of natural renewable resources represent the premises for the development of composite biomaterials. These materials have controlled properties, being obtained through processes operated in mild conditions with low costs, and contributing to the valorization of byproducts from agriculture and industry fields. A novel board composite including lignocelullosic substrate as wheat straws, fungal mycelium and polypropylene embedded with bacterial spores was developed and investigated in the present study. The bacterial spores embedded in polymer were found to be viable even after heat exposure, helping to increase the compatibility of polymer with hydrophilic microorganisms. Fungal based biopolymer composite was obtained after cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum macromycetes on a mixture including wheat straws and polypropylene embedded with spores from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy images showed the fungal mycelium covering the substrates with a dense network of filaments. The resulted biomaterial is safe, inert, renewable, natural, biodegradable and it can be molded in the desired shape. The fungal biocomposite presented similar compressive strength and improved thermal insulation capacity compared to polystyrene with high potential to be used as thermal insulation material for applications in construction sector.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Based Biopolymer Composites for Construction Materials

et al. 2021

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“…The enzymes released from the mycelia hyphae contributes to the mycelium-composite formation, by degrading the substrate and increasing its mycelia density (Tacer-Caba et al 2020). It is important to remind that the yield of materials based on mycelium depends on the strain, medium, conditions of growth, and growth cycle (Philippoussis et al 2011;Elisashvili et al 2015;Attias et al 2019).…”

Section: Qualitative Analysis Of Mycelium Growth and Composite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the hyphae of L. edodes fungus is composed of β-glucans, chitin (Peniche-Covas et al 1988), and proteins that are able to bind to others and form its own network, and these components are known to have high swelling values. Therefore, differences in water uptake from various mycelium-based materials are related to the difference in their chemical structure (Tacer-Caba et al 2020).…”

Section: Water Absorption and Swellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic activities and analysis of a mycelium-based composite formation using peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) residues on Lentinula edodes

Lima

Schoenherr

Magalhães

et al. 2020

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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By seeding fungus on top of industry residues, a mycelium can grow and form a compact network structure; however, it may not develop due to lack of optimal nutrients from the substrate. Consequently, peach-palm residues can be a potential alternative; so, to test this hypothesis, this work evaluates the effect of peach-palm residues as substrate for the growth of mycelium based on Lentinula edodes. They were also supplemented with cassava bran and various sources of nitrogen-ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, and soy flour—to analyse its effects on its physico-chemical, enzymatic activities, and thermal and mechanical properties of the final composite at 12 and 20 days of cultivation. This mycelium was able to grow at optimum source treatment conditions, which depends on the ratio of Carbon to Nitrogen, within only 12 days of inoculation. Furthermore, the enzyme activities directly correlate with the mycelium growth with optimum conditions of pH, water activity, and moisture for L. edodes to grow having lower enzyme activities for a well-developed composite; whereas higher activities were seen for a weakly developed material, and this material demonstrates mechanical and thermal properties similar to common mycelium-based composites. Therefore, this work demonstrates that peach-palm residues can be a potential alternative for mycelium-based composite.

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“…Recently, efforts have been underway to develop new eco-friendly industrial materials, away from the limited use of fungi, including mushrooms, in traditional industries such as food, antibiotics, and enzyme production. In particular, various mushrooms have been studied in the development of biocomposite materials using mushroom mycelia and agricultural byproducts [5][6][7]. Common agricultural byproducts such as rice straw, wheat straw, and sawdust are combined with mushroom mycelia and used in the production of various living and industrial components such as insulation, interior materials, furniture, and decorative items.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical strength of mycelial network is important factor in the industrial application [12]. Tacer-Caba et al demonstrated the generation of bio-composites with high compressive strength when mushroom strains, such as Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and G. lucidum, were cultivated on rapeseed cake [7]. Ganoderma SP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Characteristics of Polyporales Mushrooms for the Mycelial Mat Formation

Bae

Kim

et al. 2021

Mycobiology

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Mushroom strains of Polyporales from the genera Coriolus, Trametes, Pycnoporus, Ganoderma, and Formitella were explored in terms of mycelial growth characteristics for the application of mushroom mycelia as alternative sources of materials replacing fossil fuel-based materials. Among the 64 strains of Polyporales, G. lucidum LBS5496GL was selected as the best candidate because it showed fast mycelial growth with high mycelial strength in both the sawdust-based solid medium and the potato dextrose liquid plate medium. Some of the Polyporales in this study have shown good mycelial growth, however, they mostly formed mycelial mat of weak physical strength. The higher physical strength of mycelial mat by G. lucidum LBS5496GL was attributed to its thick hyphae with the diameter of 13 mm as revealed by scanning electron microscopic analysis whereas the hyphae of others exhibited less than 2 mm. Glycerol and skim milk supported the best mycelial growth of LBS5496GL as a carbon and a nitrogen source, respectively.

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Comparison of novel fungal mycelia strains and sustainable growth substrates to produce humidity-resistant biocomposites

Cited by 65 publications

References 37 publications

Fungal Based Biopolymer Composites for Construction Materials

Fungal Based Biopolymer Composites for Construction Materials

Enzymatic activities and analysis of a mycelium-based composite formation using peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) residues on Lentinula edodes

Growth Characteristics of Polyporales Mushrooms for the Mycelial Mat Formation

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