Comparison of Numerical Simulations with Experiments of Blast-Induced Pressure Wave Impact on a Surrogate Head Model

Banton, Rohan; Piehler, Thuvan; Zander, Nicole E.; Benjamin, Richard; Duckworth, Josh

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62956-8_30

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Existing studies in this area are rare and hindered by the experimental difficulties, not to mention complete impracticalities for the evaluation of PPE performance. It only leaves the use of anthropometric phantoms as the only alternative, which, made of non-biological materials, replicate the geometry to a high degree [8,31,39,43,44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Geometrical Factors on the Surface Pressure Distribution on a Human Phantom Model Following Shock Exposure: A Computational and Experimental Study

Skotak¹,

Townsend²,

Alay³

et al. 2020

Fracture Mechanics Applications

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Experimental data and finite element simulations of an anthropometric surrogate headform was used to evaluate the effect of specimen location and orientation on surface pressures following shock exposures of varying intensity. It was found that surface pressure distributions changed with local flow field disturbances, making it necessary to use data reduction strategies to facilitate comparisons between test locations, shock wave intensities and headform orientations. Non-dimensional parameters, termed amplification factors, were developed to permit direct comparisons of pressure waveform characteristics between incident shock waves differing in intensity, irrespective of headform location and orientation. This approach proved to be a sensitive metric, highlighting the flow field disturbances which exist in different locations and indicating how geometric factors strongly influence the flow field and surface pressure distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Geometrical Factors on the Surface Pressure Distribution on a Human Phantom Model Following Shock Exposure: A Computational and Experimental Study

Skotak¹,

Townsend²,

Alay³

et al. 2020

Fracture Mechanics Applications

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“…Some mechanical test values, which required to create a finite element model of glass and carbon knitted fabric-reinforced composite structures, were determined experimentally, and the obtained results are given in Table 5. The elasticity modulus in the wale direction (E w ) and the course direction (E c ) and the tensile strength in the wale (T w ) and course direction (T c ) of laminated composites were determined according to ASTM D3039M standard [44]. Shear modulus (G wc ) was determined according to the ASTM D3518M-13 standard test method [45].…”

Section: Results Of Finite Element Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture Mechanics Applications

Özmen¹,

Balcıoğlu²

2020

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He graduated from the Civil Engineering Department of the Middle East Technical University, Turkey, in 2001. He received his PhD in the same field from Pamukkale University in 2011. His research interests includes reinforced concrete structures, earthquake engineering, seismic evaluation, and retrofit. He has more than sixty-five research papers published in international journals and conferences and has conducted and been involved in more than ten national and international research projects. He performed seismic evaluation or design of seismic retrofit systems for more than 150 RC buildings and provided consultancy for structural engineering studies. He is the editor in chief of an international journal on materials and structural engineering.

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“…Orientation, dose-response and sensor location effects were observed. Other studies performed on anthropomorphic substitutes focused solely on recording the reflected pressures at different locations to characterize the threat (Rafaels, 2010;Ganpule et al, 2013b;Ganpule and Chandra, 2013;Chandra et al, 2017;Alay et al, 2018;Banton et al, 2018;Skotak et al, 2019).…”

Section: Studies On Substitutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reflected pressures were recorded on 10 in-vitro rats (Sundaramurthy et al, 2012;Skotak et al, 2013); on the frontal bone of 11 PMHS' heads (Shah et al, 2011;Ganpule et al, 2013a;Ott et al, 2013;Iwaskiw et al, 2018), on 2 monkeys (Romba and Martin, 1961); and on 1 geometric (Selvan et al, 2013) and 4 anthropomorphic substitutes (Rafaels, 2010;Ganpule et al, 2013b;Ganpule and Chandra, 2013;Chandra et al, 2017;Alay et al, 2018;Banton et al, 2018;Skotak et al, 2019). Figure 2 shows peak amplitude values of the reflected pressures measured during forward exposures.…”

Section: Reflected Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of experimental analyses performed on animals, post-mortem human subjects, and substitutes to explore primary blast-induced Traumatic Brain Injuries

Elster,

Boutillier,

Magnan

et al. 2023

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Although blast-induced Traumatic Brain Injury (bTBI) has become a signature wound of conflict, its cause is not yet fully understood. Regarding primary blast injuries, i.e., those caused by the propagation of shock waves in the body, four direct and two indirect injury mechanisms have been mainly proposed in the literature. Since numerous authors have exposed instrumented animals, Post-Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS), and head substitutes to blast conditions, the aim of this review is to classify them in terms of threat, instrumentation, and investigated mechanisms. In the first part, data are collected from 6 studies on PMHS, 1 on primates, 11 on rodents, and 6 on swine for comparison purposes. Peak amplitudes of reflected pressures, intracranial pressures and cranial strains are extracted and analyzed to establish trends. Despite the small number of comparable studies, several similarities can be highlighted. Indeed, the analyses revealed a dose-response effect for most measurements. The results also depend on the orientation of the subject (forward, backward, and sideways) for the PMHS, primates, and swine. The second goal of this review is to evaluate the behavior of substitutes developed to replace PMHS experiments. Shell strains and internal pressures are thus collected on 19 geometric and anthropomorphic substitutes to assess whether they faithfully represent a human head. The results showed that these substitutes are for the most part not properly designed and therefore cannot yet reliably replace PMHS experimental data.

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Comparison of Numerical Simulations with Experiments of Blast-Induced Pressure Wave Impact on a Surrogate Head Model

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

The Effect of Geometrical Factors on the Surface Pressure Distribution on a Human Phantom Model Following Shock Exposure: A Computational and Experimental Study

The Effect of Geometrical Factors on the Surface Pressure Distribution on a Human Phantom Model Following Shock Exposure: A Computational and Experimental Study

Fracture Mechanics Applications

A critical review of experimental analyses performed on animals, post-mortem human subjects, and substitutes to explore primary blast-induced Traumatic Brain Injuries

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