Comparison of Optical Frequency Comb and Sapphire Loaded Cavity Microwave Oscillators

Zobel, Justin W.; Giunta, M.; Goers, Andrew; Schmid, Robert; Reeves, Jason; Holzwarth, Ronald; Adles, Eric J.; Dennis, Michael L.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2019.2926190

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1. The SLCOs reported in [5] and [6] perform better than this work because of superior performance of SLCO compared to our MLL and also the phase noise of the BOMPD inside the loop bandwidth. The additive noise of the direct detection scheme is usually limited by the difference of the RF power to the thermal noise floor, which can be improved by increasing the RF power using the pulse interleaving technique and high-power photodiodes.…”

Section: B Oepll Setup and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…It is much easier to find the characteristic function of the BOMPD using direct integration and avoid the Fourier series expansion. Applying the condition of harmonic locking, ω RF = kω ref , to (6) results in a periodic function with a period of T ref .…”

Section: A Deriving Characteristic Function Of Bompdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1 kHz, 100 kHz) offset frequencies normalized to a 10-GHz carrier [2]- [4]. Sapphire-loaded cavity oscillators (SLCOs) exhibit better phase noise performance by approximately two orders of magnitude but with higher manufacturing cost and size [5], [6]. The so-called optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) use a continuous-wave (CW) laser and a feedback loop in a mixed electro-optical domain and have better phase noise than quartz and SAW oscillators, but their output signal is spurious because of their long cavity [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the optical domain, medium-priced and compact MLLs achieve a phase noise performance better than quartz and SAW oscillators at offset frequencies above 1 kHz [10]- [12]. Further improvement of MLL phase noise (beyond or comparable with SLCOs) has been achieved using different techniques such as optical frequency division (OFD) in which one of the MLL optical comb lines is locked onto an ultrastable CW laser [6], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser

Bahmanian

Scheytt

2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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In this article, we develop the theory of a special type of optoelectronic phase-locked loop (PLL). The output signal of this type of PLL is in the electrical domain and its reference oscillator, typically a mode-locked laser, operates in the optical domain. The PLL uses a balanced optical microwave phase detector (BOMPD). In order to model the optoelectronic PLL, the nonlinear characteristic function and the gain of the BOMPD are derived analytically. Using the results of the phase detector analysis, the theory of an optoelectronic PLL using such a phase detector is developed. Based on the theoretical analysis, a broadband optoelectronic frequency synthesizer with a programmable frequency range from 2 to 20 GHz is designed and implemented. Phase noise measurements show that the optoelectronic PLL frequency synthesizer achieves an integrated rms-jitter (1 kHz-100 MHz) of less than 4 fs in the frequency range from 5 to 20 GHz with a typical value of 4 fs and a minimum of 3 fs. This is the first reported wideband PLL frequency synthesizer achieving sub-10-fs integrated rms-jitter (1 kHz-100 MHz) in the frequency range from 3 to 20 GHz. A comparison with best-in-class laboratory-grade frequency synthesizers in this frequency range shows that this synthesizer achieves lower phase noise than any electronic frequency synthesizer for offset frequencies larger than 2 kHz.

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Section: B Oepll Setup and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: A Deriving Characteristic Function Of Bompdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser

Bahmanian

Scheytt

2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…In PML, the PSD features typically a Lorentzian-shape. Two parameters are typically defined to estimate the pulse-to-pulse RMS timing jitter: center frequency and the 3dB bandwidth of the Lorentzian PSD, ∆fRF [5]. Both parameters are extracted from the Lorentzian fit by scanning a short span and narrow resolution bandwidth (RBW).…”

Section: Passive Mode-lockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

RF Analysis of a Sub-GHz InP-Based 1550 nm Monolithic Mode-Locked Laser Chip

Alloush

Delden

Bassal

et al. 2021

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We report a monolithic sub-GHz repetition rate mode-locked laser with record low pulse-to-pulse RMS timing jitter of 3.65 ps in the passive mode locking regime. We analyse the optical pulse generation in passive and hybrid mode-locking operating regimes, finding narrower RF tone linewidth in the passive regime, attributed to the improved contact structure of the gain sections. The noise performance is also characterized in passive and hybrid regimes, showing RMS integrated timing jitter of approximately 600 fs. For hybrid modelocking, the repetition rate can be varied over a large range from 880 to 990 MHz. We observe broad pulse widths of few hundred picoseconds attributed to the (long folded) waveguide architecture and on-chip multimode interference mirrors. This device subjects a stand-alone, ultra-compact, mode-locking based clock source to realize frequency synthesizers operating over a frequency range from sub-GHz up to approximately 15 GHz.

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Real-time phase tracking for wide-band optical frequency measurements at the 20th decimal place

et al. 2019

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Comparison of Optical Frequency Comb and Sapphire Loaded Cavity Microwave Oscillators

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser

A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser

RF Analysis of a Sub-GHz InP-Based 1550 nm Monolithic Mode-Locked Laser Chip

Real-time phase tracking for wide-band optical frequency measurements at the 20th decimal place

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