Comparison of oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with clefts of palate and patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus

Abstract

Aim:This study was conducted to analyze and compare the oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with clefts of palate (CP) and patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus (UCLPA).Materials and Methods:The study group consisted of 120 cleft patients. Subjects were divided into two groups of 60 each. Group I - patients with UCLPA and Group II - patients with CP. For comparison, all the four quadrants were defined, Q1-right upper quadrant, Q2-left upper quadrant, Q3-left lower quadrant and Q4-right lower quadrant, in both groups and the following parameters were recorded: Plaque Index (PI, Silness and Loe), Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI, Muhlemann and Son), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Mobility Index (Miller) and Radiographic Amount of Bone Loss.Results:The periodontal destruction was seen to be higher in UCLPA patients compared with CP patients. The poor oral hygiene status, as indicated by higher values of PI, and the periodontal status, evaluated by SBI, PPD, CAL, mobility and Radiographic Amount of Bone Loss, were higher in patients with UCLPA than in patients with CP.Conclusion:In this study, patients with cleft lip, palate and alveolus had poor oral hygiene and periodontal status compared with patients with cleft palate.

Assessment of the alveolar bone support of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: A cone-beam computed tomography study

“…10 Researchers comparing sites from teeth adjacent to an alveolar cleft with unaffected control sites found that the radiographic alveolar bone level was significantly more apical at the cleft region, whereas the probing attachment level was similar in the cleft and control regions. 9,11,12 These findings suggested the presence of a long connective tissue attachment in the cleft regions. 12 The results of these studies are consistent with the report of Quirynen et al 2 that teeth in the cleft had significantly more bone loss compared with contralateral noncleft control teeth.…”

“…7,8 The few studies that have analyzed the periodontal status of these persons showed a high incidence of plaque and bleeding on probing and a high level of periodontal attachment loss. 8,9 In osseous clefts, the osseous structures are absent or poorly developed in the region of periodontal supportive tissues. 9 Some reports suggest that the cleft area affects the periodontal tissues of the teeth in close proximity.…”

“…8,9 In osseous clefts, the osseous structures are absent or poorly developed in the region of periodontal supportive tissues. 9 Some reports suggest that the cleft area affects the periodontal tissues of the teeth in close proximity. 10 Researchers comparing sites from teeth adjacent to an alveolar cleft with unaffected control sites found that the radiographic alveolar bone level was significantly more apical at the cleft region, whereas the probing attachment level was similar in the cleft and control regions.…”

“…Bone loss was evaluated by means of parallel intraoral xrays using special film holders. Mutthineni et al 9 compared bone loss between patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and patients with cleft palate (CP) using parallel periapical radiographs. 9 Patients with UCLP had poorer periodontal status and higher bone loss than patients with CP.…”

“…Mutthineni et al 9 compared bone loss between patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and patients with cleft palate (CP) using parallel periapical radiographs. 9 Patients with UCLP had poorer periodontal status and higher bone loss than patients with CP. To our knowledge, no previous study investigated the bone support of the teeth in patients affected by cleft lip and palate (CLP) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).…”