Comparison of PCR methods for diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in conjunctival swab samples

Pilatti, Marcia Maria; Ferreira, Sidney de Almeida; Melo, Maria Norma; Andrade, Antero Silva Ribeiro de

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.02.005

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In infected asymptomatic dogs, Pilatti et al (36) reported a positivity rate between 73.9% and 95.6% and Gramiccia et al (17) found a rate of 80%. Other studies reported higher rates; in particular, StraussAyali et al (48) reported a rate of 92%, and Ferreira et al (11) reported 91.7%, but these studies were performed on, respectively, experimentally infected dogs and symptomatic infected dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a noninvasive assay, conjunctival swab (CS) nested-PCR (n-PCR), for diagnosing canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in different stages of infection in comparison to the performance of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), lymph node microscopy, and buffy coat n-PCR. To this end, we performed a cross-sectional survey among 253 nonselected dogs in areas of endemicity in central Italy. We also performed a longitudinal study of CS n-PCR among 20 sick dogs undergoing antileishmanial treatment. In the first study, among the 72 animals that were positive by at least one test (28.45%), CS n-PCR showed the best relative performance (76.38%), with a high concordance in comparison to standard IFAT serology ( ‫؍‬ 0.75). The highest positivity rates using CS n-PCR were found in asymptomatic infected dogs (84.2%) and sick dogs (77.8%); however, the sensitivity of the assay was not associated with the presence of clinical signs. In the follow-up study on treated sick dogs, CS n-PCR was the most sensitive assay, with promising prognostic value for relapses. The univariate analysis of risk factors for CanL based on CS n-PCR findings showed a significant correlation with age (P ‫؍‬ 0.012), breed size (P ‫؍‬ 0.026), habitat (P ‫؍‬ 4.9 ؋ 10 ؊4 ), and previous therapy (P ‫؍‬ 0.014). Overall, the results indicated that CS n-PCR was the most sensitive assay of the less invasive diagnostic methods and could represent a good option for the early and simple diagnosis of CanL infection in asymptomatic animals and for monitoring relapses in drug-treated dogs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, subjects are often reluctant to provide blood samples, which reduces participation rates. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop noninvasive, simpler, and sensitive techniques by using conjunctival swabs or urine samples (13,20,23). In canine visceral leishmaniasis, conjunctival swabs have shown 90 to 92% sensitivity (23), but with humans, this method is not well tolerated and is associated with the possibility of corneal damage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Molecular Diagnosis of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This disadvantage was partially reduced by using SYBR Green and CS raw lysate as the source of the DNA template. In fact, the use of CS raw lysate, instead of DNA extracted with the phenolchloroform method [23,26,39] or with commercial kits [25,27], enabled us to obtain good sensitivity (1×10 −3 par/ reaction tube), at a low cost and without inhibitory effects when 1 μl per reaction tube was used. We found a CSqPCR sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 96%, respectively, confirming and improving on the results obtained by Gramiccia et al [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of qPCR in conjunctival swab samples for the evaluation of canine leishmaniasis in borderline cases or disease relapse and correlation with clinical parameters

Ceccarelli

Galluzzi

Sisti

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: In leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum, the dog acts as the main reservoir for the disease. Non-invasive sampling for Leishmania detection is pivotal for rapid and affordable diagnosis. Recently, the use of conjunctival swab (CS) has been evaluated as a non-invasive sampling technique for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). However, few investigations have been made on the applicability of CS qPCR in particular cases such as dogs with borderline IFAT titres, suspected disease relapse with comorbidity and therapy monitoring. The aims of this study were i) to confirm the efficacy of CS, comparing these samples to buffy coat (BC) samples, as effective non-invasive samples for Leishmania quantitative detection by qPCR and ii) to verify the usefulness of qPCR compared to conventional laboratory and clinical parameters to assist in therapeutic decision making regarding dogs with complex clinical cases.

show abstract

Comparison of PCR methods for diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in conjunctival swab samples

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

Noninvasive Molecular Diagnosis of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

Application of qPCR in conjunctival swab samples for the evaluation of canine leishmaniasis in borderline cases or disease relapse and correlation with clinical parameters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About