“…2 The type of ureteroscope (rigid, semirigid, flexible), method of lithotripsy (pneumatic, ultrasonic, laser-including laser fiber size), and presence of other instruments (access sheaths, baskets, guidewires) are all important factors that can affect the likelihood of stone migration with the use of irrigation. [1][2][3][4] Previous studies have compared passive gravity/pressuredependent systems to active systems requiring hand or foot compressions, however, as new products become commercially available there is a continual need for independent evaluations of these devices. 1,3 The objective of this study was to evaluate a new foot-pump device, specifically focusing on irrigation parameters that may affect stone migration.…”