Comparison of performance of a Greener direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engine with a spark-ignition engine using a simplified model

Najjar, Yousef S.H.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.04.031

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…With the increase in energy demand and the expected shortage of the fossil fuel with time, the need for sustainable resources increases. Hence, this is initially handled by using clean fuels [1], utilization of waste heat [2][3][4][5][6] and adopting different configurations [7][8][9], where resources and environment are conserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging and Discharging of Electric Battery with Thermoelectric Stove

Najjar¹

2019

Int. J. Green Technol.

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Lithium batteries are featured by high specific energy, high efficiency and long life. These properties have made lithium batteries the preferred energy sources for the consumer electronics market with the production of billions of units annually. These batteries are playing a prominent role as ideal electrochemical storage systems in renewable power plants as well as power systems for sustainable vehicles, such as hybrid and electric vehicles.This work focuses on charging and discharging batteries that store the generated electricity from the TEG to enable using it. One of the most advantage of the stove is that it does't need maintenance because there is no moving part. Moreover, it should be workable day or night and will not be affected by the weather, the sun or anything other than the solar panels that work only on sunny days.This will help us to reduce the battery capacity needed. The charging of the battery occurs only when the voltage of TEGs becomes more than the voltage of battery, and It was discovered that at temperature gradients below ΔTTEG= 100 C°, it was beneficial to employ a SEPIC DC-DC converter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging and Discharging of Electric Battery with Thermoelectric Stove

Najjar¹

2019

Int. J. Green Technol.

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“…1 Meanwhile, the in-cylinder fuel atomization process at a GDI engine has also contributed to reduce air–fuel mixture temperature and engine knock, so the higher compression ratio can be used, and the fuel economy of a GDI engine has been improved effectively compared with the port-injection gasoline engine. 2,3 In recent years, the amount of GDI engine powered light-duty vehicles has significantly increased in the automotive market. 4 However, GDI may also cause some problems such as wall wetting and short mixture formation time, which lead to worse emissions than port fuel injection (PFI) engines, 5 especially in terms of particulate matter (PM) emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of split and single injection strategies on particle number emission and combustion of a GDI engine

Xie

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Influence of fuel injection parameters of the single and split injection strategies on combustion, performance and particle number emission had been investigated on a gasoline direct injection engine with stoichiometric mixture combustion under medium and low engine operating conditions. The test results showed that the optimal injection timing for single injection strategy was about 290–280 °CA BTDC, and an earlier or a later injection timing could lead to a deterioration of particle number emission. For split injection strategy, the injected parameters also needed to be optimized subtly in order to improve particle number emission. When the inappropriate injected parameters were adopted, particle number emission increased rather than decrease when compared with single injection strategy. Similar to single injection strategy, when the second injection timing of split injection strategy further retarded from 280 °CA BTDC, the particle number emission and brake-specific fuel consumption also started to deteriorate, and the in-cylinder combustion process was delayed and slowed. The optimal first injection timing was about 300 °CA BTDC. When the first injection timing was delayed to 280 °CA BTDC with the second injection timing being 260 °CA BTDC, the particle number emission increased and the shortened interval time between first and second fuel injection might have had a negative effect. The smaller difference of the fuel quantity between the first and the second injection was not good for the improvement of particle number emission and brake-specific fuel consumption, and the best injection proportion was 2:8. Overall, the engine particle number emission could be decreased to some extent, which could reach about 10–30%, by split injection strategy with optimal control parameters at medium and low engine loads.

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“…The direct injection (DI) system was introduced in spark ignition (SI) engines to achieve improved efficiency and higher level of power. [1][2][3][4][5] Thanks to the intake air cooling by fuel evaporation, the knock resistance and the volume efficiency were improved. The accuracy of the air-fuel ratio consents a better operation in part load and during dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the compressed natural gas direct injection in a small research spark ignition engine

Catapano

Iorio

Sementa

et al. 2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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The permanent aim of the automotive industry is the further improvement of the engine efficiency and the simultaneous pollutant emissions reduction. In order to optimize the small internal combustion engines, it is necessary to further improve the basic knowledge of the thermo-fluid dynamic phenomena occurring during the combustion process. In this context, the application of optical diagnostic techniques permits a deep insight into the fundamental processes such as flow development, fuel injection, and combustion process. The aim of this study was the optimization of the compressed natural gas direct injection by means of the analysis of the injection phase and combustion process. This analysis allowed the improvement of the engine efficiency in lean-burn operation condition too. The investigation was carried out in an optically accessible small direct injection spark ignition single-cylinder engine. Two different injectors were tested. The first one was the injector designed according to the results of model simulation, and the second one was a modified prototype obtained using the findings of the optical analysis carried out in the combustion chamber. The characteristic parameters of the gaseous fuel jet were evaluated through an image processing procedure. The fuel rail was modified in order to allow the injection of seeding particles into the gaseous fuel. The gas jet was analyzed using a white light source coupled with a high spatial and temporal resolution fast camera. The combustion process development was investigated for same engine operative condition performing a cycle-resolved visualization of the flame. Moreover, this methodology permitted the evaluation of motion field and turbulence during the injection process directly into the combustion chamber. The results of investigation evidenced that the modification of the injector, designed according to the optical analysis made in the optically accessible engine, allowed an optimization of compressed natural gas direct injection resulting in improved combustion and emissions reduction.

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Comparison of performance of a Greener direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engine with a spark-ignition engine using a simplified model

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Charging and Discharging of Electric Battery with Thermoelectric Stove

Charging and Discharging of Electric Battery with Thermoelectric Stove

Effects of split and single injection strategies on particle number emission and combustion of a GDI engine

Optimization of the compressed natural gas direct injection in a small research spark ignition engine

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