Comparison of Performance of the Novel Chromogenic Spectra VRE Agar to That of Bile Esculin Azide and Campylobacter Agars for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Fecal Samples

Jenkins, Stephen G.; Raskoshina, L.; Schuetz, Audrey N.

doi:10.1128/jcm.00180-11

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…All specimens that were discrepant between the 24-h and 48-h plates were those in which there were Ͻ10 CFU/plate. Therefore, similar to previous reports, there was no significant difference in overall results when incubation was extended to 48 h beyond the initial 24 h of incubation (4,5,6,10).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Corroborating previous reports, BEAV was found to be the least sensitive and specific of the three media evaluated (5,10). Extended incubation of the plates beyond 24 h and incubation of the plates at 42°C were of no benefit over 24 h of incubation at 35°C.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…In addition, when using Campy agar, a Gram stain and PYR test are performed to confirm that the isolates are enterococci, while the appearance of the typical blue colony, light blue or navy blue for E. faecalis or E. faecium, respectively, on Spectra agar does not require further confirmation in most cases. Since the vancomycin concentration in the Campy agar is 10 g/ml, the potential that a vanB-carrying enterococcal isolate may be missed exists; however, in this evaluation and those of others, isolates in this MIC range were not detected (5,8).…”

contrasting

confidence: 50%

“…The most common specimens to screen for colonization with VRE are rectal swabs or stool specimens. Several selective and differential media have been developed and evaluated specifically for the purpose of screening for VRE (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)10). Campylobacter (Campy) agar, which supports the growth of VRE and contains 10 g/ml vancomycin, is readily available in most clinical laboratories due to its use in the plating of routine stool cultures to isolate Campylobacter jejuni.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Medium, Temperature, and Length of Incubation for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

et al. 2012

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Campylobacter (Campy; BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD), Spectra VRE (Remel, Lenexa, KS), and bile-esculin-azide-vancomycin (BEAV; Remel) agars were compared for their ability to detect vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in 750 stool specimens. The media were compared at 24 h and 48 h of incubation at 35°C and 42°C. When incubated for 24 h at 35°C, Campy was the most sensitive (97.8%) and specific (99.9%) but was comparable to Spectra, which has a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 99.1%, whereas BEAV was significantly less sensitive (90%) and specific (96.1%). Incubation at 42°C or extended incubation at 35°C for 48 h yielded no advantage over incubation at 35°C for 24 h. Screening for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has been suggested as a method for reducing the nosocomial transmission of this organism. VRE are more commonly found in patients that are in critical care units and those who have been on antibiotics. The most common specimens to screen for colonization with VRE are rectal swabs or stool specimens. Several selective and differential media have been developed and evaluated specifically for the purpose of screening for VRE (2-8, 10). Campylobacter (Campy) agar, which supports the growth of VRE and contains 10 g/ml vancomycin, is readily available in most clinical laboratories due to its use in the plating of routine stool cultures to isolate Campylobacter jejuni. We have previously reported on the use of this medium for the detection of VRE (9). Due to its sensitivity and relatively low cost and the fact that it is already incorporated into most laboratory routines, it is a reasonable choice that has served as a cost-effective way to screen for this potential pathogen. In this present study, we compared Campy medium, which contains 10 g/ml of vancomycin (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD) to two media designed for the detection of VRE, bile-esculinazide-vancomycin agar (BEAV; Remel) and the newer chromogenic agar Spectra VRE Agar (Remel, Lenexa, KS), both of which contain 6 g/ml of vancomycin. In addition, since incubation of stools at a higher temperature, as done for C. jejuni isolation, also selects for enterococci due to its ability to grow at this elevated temperature, the media were further evaluated at different temperatures, 35°C and 42°C, as well as at 24 h and 48 h of incubation.Rectal swabs (n ϭ 730) and stool specimens (n ϭ 20) from 750 patients that were submitted to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory at the University of California, Irvine, Medical Center for VRE screening were included in this evaluation. Rectal swabs were collected using either a single or a double BBL CultureSwab (BD), while feces were submitted in a sterile container. All specimens were plated upon receipt or refrigerated at 4 to 8°C for up to 24 h prior to being cultured. In order to ensure an even distribution of the specimen for the culture media, swabs were placed into 0.5 ml of sterile saline (BD) and vortexed for 5 s. This suspension was then used to inoculate two sets of media, each consisting of the C...

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supporting

confidence: 90%

supporting

confidence: 79%

contrasting

confidence: 50%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Medium, Temperature, and Length of Incubation for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

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“…Jenkins showed sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 95% respectively using a different Chromogenic media [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Chromogenic Media in Detection of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci

Vijaya¹,

Vijaya²,

Santhya³

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Enterococcus

Teixeira,

da Glória Siqueira Carvalho,

Facklam

et al. 2023

ClinMicroNow

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The genus Enterococcus includes microorganisms that have a historical connection with the genus Streptococcus , as they were initially considered a distinct branch within the genus Streptococcus , including most of the serological group D streptococci. Transmission of vancomycin‐resistant enterococci represents a major public health concern. By using molecular typing approaches, the exogenous acquisition of enterococcal strains by direct and indirect contact among patients was demonstrated, breaking the traditional conception that enterococcal infections were endogenous. Serologic tests, in the form of Western blot assays, for detecting antibody responses to different enterococcal antigens have been proposed, but their usefulness in the clinical laboratory setting for the diagnosis or prognosis of enterococcal infections has not been demonstrated. The significance of a particular enterococcal isolate is a major factor in determining when antimicrobial testing should be done.

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Comparison of Performance of the Novel Chromogenic Spectra VRE Agar to That of Bile Esculin Azide and Campylobacter Agars for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Fecal Samples

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Comparison of Medium, Temperature, and Length of Incubation for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

Comparison of Medium, Temperature, and Length of Incubation for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

Evaluation of Chromogenic Media in Detection of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci

Enterococcus

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