Comparison of peripheral refraction and higher-order aberrations between orthokeratology and multifocal soft contact lens designed with highly addition

Abstract

Purpose To compare peripheral defocus, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), and contrast visual acuity (CVA) in myopic children wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses and multifocal soft contact lenses (MSCLs) designed with highly addition. Methods This is a prospective, nonrandomized, controlled study. Subjects at 8 to 13 years of age with spherical equivalent refraction from − 1.00 to − 5.00 dioptres (D) were included in the OK group (n = 30) and MSCL group (n = 23). Relative peripheral corneal defocus (RPCD) and relative peripheral refraction (RPR) were measured before and after wearing lenses. HOAs including spherical aberration (SA), coma, trefoil, and total HOAs, and high (100%) and low (10%) CVA were compared between the groups. Axial length (AL) was measured before and after wearing the lenses for 1 year. Results After wearing the lenses, subjects in the MSCL group had RPCD and RPR values similar to the OK group at the paracentral (within 2 mm of the cornea or 20° of the retina, all p > 0.05) but larger than the OK group at the periphery (all p < 0.05). All HOAs increased after wearing the lenses except the trefoil in the MSCL group (all p < 0.05). HOAs increased more in the OK group (all p < 0.05). The 100% and 10% CVAs were worse in the MSCL group (p = 0.02 and p = 0.004). After 1 year, AL elongation was 0.37 mm (SD = 0.16) in the MSCL group and 0.28 mm (0.16) in the OK group (p = 0.06). Conclusion MSCL produced larger myopic defocus at the periphery, increased less HOAs and had worse CVA than OK lens. The high addition of this MSCL did not result in better myopia control efficacy Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800018564. Registered 25 September 2018; retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=31376

Comparison of visual performance between peripheral gradient high‐addition multifocal soft contact lenses and orthokeratology

“…39,42 Based on this mechanism, MFSCL and Ortho-K lenses might be expected to show similar trends in slowing myopia progression. Consistent with this hypothesis, our earlier findings 44 did indeed note that MFSCLs showed similar myopia control efficacy to Ortho-K. Therefore, our results suggest that the myopia control provided by MFSCLs would be more effective if the peak plus power was positioned closer to the pupil.…”

Effect of myopia‐control lenses on central and peripheral visual performance in myopic children

“…43 Although peripheral VA was not measured in the present study, it can be speculated that the lenslets area would reduce peripheral VA. Further, OK lenses showed better peripheral visual performance than SVL in the superior visual field. Huang et al showed that the maximum peripheral defocus of OK lenses was +2.00 to +3.00 D at 10°-20° retinal eccentricity, 42 that is, lower than that for HAL and DISC lenses. On the other hand, it may be related to the way the lenses were used.…”

“…40 In addition, the peripheral defocus of HAL was the highest (+6.00 D) 41 among the three myopia prevention lenses. 27,42 Studies in both children and adults have found that the peripheral lenslets in the HAL significantly reduced central VA. 16,33 VA was best at the fovea and decreased gradually with increasing retinal eccentricity. 43 Although peripheral VA was not measured in the present study, it can be speculated that the lenslets area would reduce peripheral VA. Further, OK lenses showed better peripheral visual performance than SVL in the superior visual field.…”

“…The peripheral portion of the HAL comprises 11 concentric rings formed of contiguous aspheric lenslets (1.1 mm in diameter), 16 and diffraction may affect the peripheral visual performance because of the fragmented aperture of the distance optic 40 . In addition, the peripheral defocus of HAL was the highest (+6.00 D) 41 among the three myopia prevention lenses 27,42 . Studies in both children and adults have found that the peripheral lenslets in the HAL significantly reduced central VA 16,33 .…”

Empfehlungen bei progredienter Myopie im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Stellungnahme von DOG, BVA und der Bielschowsky Gesellschaft für Schielforschung und Neuroophthalmologie

“…Bei dem Vergleich von multifokalen Linsen und Ortho‑K sind ferner verschiedene Faktoren und die individuelle Verträglichkeit zu berücksichtigen. Weiche multifokale Linsen sind mit einem größeren Defokus und schlechterem Kontrastsehen verbunden [ 47 ]. Die über Nacht getragenen Linsen können dagegen neben einer nachlassenden Myopiekorrektur und stärkeren Induktion von Aberrationen höherer Ordnung mit unterschiedlichen Refraktionsschwankungen über den Tag einhergehen und verursachen ein schlechteres Sehen in den ersten Tagen nach dem Absetzen der Linsen.…”