Comparison of Permanent Staining Methods for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis

Menezes, Camila Braz; Mello, Mariana dos Santos; Tasca, Tiana

doi:10.1590/s1678-994620160005

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[14] Giemsa stain is not appropriated since it stains only the nucleus of the organism. [12] Papanicolaou stained smear examination needs competence and expertise. False-positives as well as false negatives are common with this technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Papanicolaou and Acridine Orange stains in the diagnosis of Trichomonasvaginalis infection in vaginal discharge

Doshi¹

2017

APALM

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Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common cause of vaginitis. Diagnosis based on clinical presentation is often inaccurate. Clinical presentation with adjuvant laboratory evidence of trichomoniasis is required for the confirmation of the diagnosis and initiation of therapy. The aim of the present study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of rapid staining Acridine Orange method for detection of trichomonas vaginalis infection with the routinely employed Papanicolaou staining. Materials and Methods:Vaginal swab smears were prepared from 300 patients attending gynaecology outpatients' clinic of S.S.G. Hospital, Vadodara with complain of abnormal vaginal discharge. The prospective study was conducted over a period of two years (from January' 98 to December' 99). The Papanicolaou and Acridine Orange stained smears were screened for presence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Results:In the present study, the incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection was 12.3%. Considering Papanicolaou stain as standard, the sensitivity and specificity of Acridine Orange (AO) stain for detection of T. vaginalis was 92.8% and 93.01% respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 74.2% and 99.2%, while false positive and false negative values are 3% and 0.66% respectively. Conclusion:Trichomonas vaginalis infection is a sexually transmitted disease of the reproductive age group, which needs to be timely diagnosed to prevent its adverse effects. The rapidity, ease and reliability of Acridine Orange stain justify its use in routine laboratory diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Papanicolaou and Acridine Orange stains in the diagnosis of Trichomonasvaginalis infection in vaginal discharge

Doshi¹

2017

APALM

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“…Other staining and fixation methods have also been described in the literature, such as Giemsa and Gram staining. However, it has been demonstrated that Giemsa staining does not allow for the identification of the characteristic structures of the parasite, while Gram staining does not provide satisfactory fixation performance and the identification of morphological features [16]. Indeed, staining methods are not recommended in the clinical laboratory routine due to the potential for false negatives and false positives [7].…”

Section: Staining Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This review addresses laboratory diagnostic methods for T. vaginalis detection as well as an update on new methods that have been developed through patent filings around the world. The main methods currently available, described in Table 1, include: wet mount examination [14], cultural exam [15], staining [16], rapid tests [17,18], and molecular techniques based on nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), such as conventional PCR [19,20], as well as other more recent tests for rapid identification that can often detect more than one sexually transmitted pathogen [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Wet Mount to Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques: Current Diagnostic Methods and Future Perspectives Based on Patenting of New Assays, Stains, and Diagnostic Images for Trichomonas vaginalis Detection

Cardoso,

Freitas,

Tasca

et al. 2024

Venereology

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Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. The estimated global prevalence in 2016 was 156 million adults aged 15–49. However, these data are underestimated, since the most used diagnostic method is the wet mount, which has low sensitivity, the information regarding the estimated duration of infection is limited and there is evidence of undiagnosed asymptomatic cases in both sexes. Currently 80% of cases—including both sexes—are asymptomatic, which makes the disease silent and chronic in course, leading to complications. The aim of this review was to discuss the diagnostic methods for T. vaginalis detection that are currently available and applicable in the clinical laboratory routine. Overall, nucleic acid amplification techniques are the best option for T. vaginalis detection, with higher sensitivity and specificity than other tests. Although these techniques present higher cost, their implementation should be supported to ensure correct trichomoniasis diagnosis and treatment beyond contributing to questions on epidemiology and control.

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“…Smears-imprints were fixed with methanol for 3-5 minutes and stained according to the Romanovsky-Giemsa method. To identify trichomonads, smears were air-dried and stained with methylene blue, which made it possible to identify parasites by their morphological features (Menezes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Coproscopic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromorphological Changes after Spontaneous Co-invasion of Eimeriosis, Histomonosis, and Trichomoniasis in Domestic Chickens

Liulin,

Bogach,

Lyakhovich

et al. 2023

WVJ

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The study of macro morphological changes is important for recognizing pathological processes and diagnosing diseases, especially co-invasions. The current study aimed to reveal macro morphological changes during spontaneous co-invasion of Eimeria spp., Histomonas meleagridis, and Trichomonas gallinae in adult chickens. The methods of evisceration and parasitological studies of the carcasses of adult domestic chickens (n = 31) aged 1.5-2.3 years, and (n = 8) are the control group, died of a natural death from farms in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine revealed the peculiarities of manifestations of macro morphological changes in organs, which were characterized by manifestations of pathologies in 100% of cases in dead chickens by changes in the intestines and liver, in 48.39% in the spleen, in 16.13% in the bursa of Fabricius, in 16.13% in the peritoneum and 9.68% in skin. In particular, a mucosal-hemorrhagic inflammatory process was observed in the intestines of chickens with damage to both thin and thick parts (duodeno-jejuno-ileo-typho-cloacitis). This inflammatory process was observed in combination with necrotic-granulomatous lesions on the intestinal wall. A combined lesion of the liver was detected - hepatomegaly on the background of steatosis, multifocal necrosis, and granulomas (shiny, vitreous, with a white center) in the presence of Histomonas meleagridis and Trichomonas gallinae. A granulomatous splenitis was diagnosed in the spleen of chickens. Necrotic-granulomatous lesions leading to cyst formation were identified in the bursa of Fabricius. Additionally, granulomatous lesions originating from trichomoniasis were observed on the peritoneum and skin. These findings highlight the systemic nature of pathological-anatomical changes resulting from the co-infection of eimeriosis, histomoniasis, and trichomoniasis in domestic chickens. This systemic manifestation signifies the occurrence of multi-organ failure and holds valuable diagnostic implications.

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Comparison of Permanent Staining Methods for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of Papanicolaou and Acridine Orange stains in the diagnosis of Trichomonasvaginalis infection in vaginal discharge

Comparison of Papanicolaou and Acridine Orange stains in the diagnosis of Trichomonasvaginalis infection in vaginal discharge

From Wet Mount to Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques: Current Diagnostic Methods and Future Perspectives Based on Patenting of New Assays, Stains, and Diagnostic Images for Trichomonas vaginalis Detection

Macromorphological Changes after Spontaneous Co-invasion of Eimeriosis, Histomonosis, and Trichomoniasis in Domestic Chickens

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