Comparison of pesticides in eight U.S. urban streams

Abstract

Abstract-Little is known of the occurrence of pesticides in urban streams compared to streams draining agricultural areas. Water samples from eight urban streams from across the United States were analyzed for 75 pesticides and seven transformation products. For six of the eight urban streams, paired agricultural streams were used for comparisons. The herbicides detected most frequently in the urban streams were prometon, simazine, atrazine, tebuthiuron, and metolachlor, and the insecticides detected most frequently were diazinon, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and malathion. In contrast to similar-sized agricultural streams, total insecticide concentrations commonly exceeded total herbicide concentrations in these urban streams. In general, the temporal concentration patterns in the urban streams were consistent with the characteristics of the local growing season. The insecticides carbaryl and diazinon exceeded criteria for the protection of aquatic life in many of the urban streams in the spring and summer. When the country as a whole is considered, the estimated mass of herbicides contributed by urban areas to streams is dwarfed by the estimated contribution from agricultural areas, but for insecticides, contributions from urban and agricultural areas may be similar. The results of this study suggest that urban areas should not be overlooked when assessing sources and monitoring the occurrence of pesticides in surface waters.

Drug Effects on Aquaculture and It's Remediation

“…The herbicides or fungicides currently used in aquaculture were originally developed for use in agriculture or as additives for boat anti-fouling paints 26 . Accordingly, many studies have investigated and demonstrated the presence of pesticides and biocides in surface waters [27][28][29][30][31] .…”

Pesticide Contamination in Groundwater and Streams Draining Vegetable Plantations in the Ofinso District, Ghana

“…The effects of pesticides on water quality are commonly assessed by comparing the observed concentrations of individual pesticide compounds in the aquatic system with criteria that have been established to protect the health of aquatic organisms (Castillo et al 2000;Hoffman et al 2000). By comparing the pesticide concentrations in this study with the www.intechopen.com toxicity values listed in Table 1, the acute and chronic risk ratios were calculated for the water samples.…”

Bulk Deposition of Pesticides in a Canadian City: Part 1. Glyphosate and Other Agricultural Pesticides

“…Agricultural pesticide use is likely an important contributor to pesticide deposition in urban environments because deposition samplers installed in city locations closer to agricultural land show greater pesticide concentrations than deposition samplers installed in the city centre (Grynkiewicx et al 2003). Herbicide and insecticide use within city-limits has shown to increase pesticide loadings of urban streams (Hoffman et al 2000;Todd and Struger 2014).…”