COMPARISON OF PHAGE T4 <i>denV</i> ENDONUCLEASE V AND <i>M. Luteus</i> UV‐DNA ENDONUCLEASE BY SEROLOGY AND DNA HYBRIDIZATION

Yarosh, Daniel B.; Ceccoli, Joseph

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1989.tb04077.x

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We aimed to determine the effects of two topical formulations containing (1) DNA repair enzymes ( Micrococcus luteus ) (18–20), or (2) fragments of UVC‐irradiated rabbit globin mRNA (17,21), on UV‐induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) suppression in human subjects. A corollary aim was to measure the effects of these agents on levels of thymine dimers in skin biopsies obtained after simulated solar radiation (SSR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV Protective Effects of DNA Repair Enzymes and RNA Lotion

Camouse

Swain

et al. 2007

Photochem & Photobiology

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Solar UV radiation is known to cause immune suppression, believed to be a critical factor in cutaneous carcinogenesis. Although the mechanism is not entirely understood, DNA damage is clearly involved. Sunscreens function by attenuating the UV radiation that reaches the epidermis. However, once DNA damage ensues, repair mechanisms become essential for prevention of malignant transformation. DNA repair enzymes have shown efficacy in reducing cutaneous neoplasms among xeroderma pigmentosum patients. In vitro studies suggest that RNA fragments increase the resistance of human keratinocytes to UVB damage and enhance DNA repair but in vivo data are lacking. This study aimed to determine the effect of topical formulations containing either DNA repair enzymes (Micrococcus luteus) or RNA fragments (UVC-irradiated rabbit globin mRNA) on UV-induced local contact hypersensitivity (CHS) suppression in humans as measured in vivo using the contact allergen dinitrochlorobenzene. Immunohistochemistry was also employed in skin biopsies to evaluate the level of thymine dimers after UV. Eighty volunteers completed the CHS portion. A single 0.75 minimum erythema dose (MED) simulated solar radiation exposure resulted in 64% CHS suppression in unprotected subjects compared with unirradiated sensitized controls. In contrast, UV-induced CHS suppression was reduced to 19% with DNA repair enzymes, and 7% with RNA fragments. Sun protection factor (SPF) testing revealed an SPF of 1 for both formulations, indicating that the observed immune protection cannot be attributed to sunscreen effects. Biopsies from an additional nine volunteers showed an 18% decrease in thymine dimers by both DNA repair enzymes and RNA fragments, relative to unprotected UV-irradiated skin. These results suggest that RNA fragments may be useful as a photoprotective agent with in vivo effects comparable to DNA repair enzymes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV Protective Effects of DNA Repair Enzymes and RNA Lotion

Camouse

Swain

et al. 2007

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…Серед зарубіжних вчених особливу увагу їй приділили Р. Вебер, Д. Вілсон, Д. Даймонд, В. Оутс, Р. Перротті, В. Танзі, Г. Таубер та ін. Тема гармонізації й уніфікації оподаткування в Україні до стандартів Європейського Союзу системно викладена в працях: Н. Атаманчук, Л. Касьяненко [1], Г. Білецької, М. Кармаліти, М. Куц [2], А. Соколовської [3], А. Крисоватого [4], М. Ярош [5] та ін. Проведений аналіз першоджерел дав змогу зробити висновки про недостатність і фрагментарність висвітлення проблема-тики гармонізації акцизного оподаткування енергетичних продуктів в ЄС та Україні в сучасних особливих умовах.…”

Section: фінансовий механізмunclassified

Actualities of Excise Taxation Harmonization of Energy Products in the Eu and Ukraine

Valihura

Gerchakivsky

2023

WOF

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Introduction. The legal framework for tax administration is one of the important components of the harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU standards. The area of taxation of energy products is especially relevant today, because with the Russian invasion in Ukraine, there is a total deficit and an increase in prices for energy products. Instead, the taxation of such goods is the least harmonized with EU standards among of all excise goods. The unification of excise tax rates on energy products with the requirements of the relevant EU directive can further provoke the price growth, which is extremely undesirable in the current situation. The purpose of the article is to generalize scientific and legal approaches to the characteristics of excise taxation of energy products, to outline problematic aspects of the harmonization of the relevant directive in this area, to develop proposals for improving excise taxation of energy products in Ukraine. Results. The main provisions of Council Directive 2003/96/EC on excise taxation of energy products are analyzed. It has been established that the norms of the Tax Code of Ukraine do not comply with the provisions of this directive in terms of: the list and structure of energy products, which are the subject to excise tax; the amount of tax rates; provision of tax preferences. Probable directions for reforming the EU legislation on excise taxation of energy products are outlined. Monitoring of legislative activities on taxation of energy products in Ukraine was carried out. Conclusions. As a result of the research, the conclusion is substantiated that at the current stage, the tax policy in the field of excise taxation of energy products, focused on the socio-economic realities of Ukraine, will be more justified than on the priorities of harmonization to EU standards. However, in order for Ukraine's European integration progress not to slow down due to the lack of reforms in terms of harmonization of the studied area, it is necessary to hold a number of consultations with EU institutions regarding the postponement of key issues of taxation of energy products

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