Comparison of plasma pharmacokinetic profile of ivermectin following administration of subcutaneous injection (Baymec<sup>®</sup>) and oral tablet (Efektin<sup>®</sup>) in goats

Gökbulut, Cengiz; Karademir, Umit; Boyacıoğlu, Murat

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00888.x

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Pearson and Rutherford [38] described reduced efficacy of IVM injection compared with oral administration at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, in accordance with results reported by Gopal et al [19]. However, more recent studies have shown that IVM plasma and tissue concentrations were significantly higher after subcutaneous injection compared with oral administration [18, 29]. Therefore, we cannot determine to what degree our results were affected by the route of administration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The subcutaneous route of administration was chosen for IVM as no oral formulation was registered for use in small ruminants in Denmark. The route of administration is known to significantly affect the pharmacokinetic behaviour of IVM [18, 19, 29]. However, reports concerning the significance of the administration route in goats are conflicting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

et al. 2014

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The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in Danish goats and the presence of anthelmintic resistance (AR) in 10 selected herds were investigated during April–September 2012. All Danish herds (n = 137) with 10 or more adult goats were invited to participate, and of these 27 herds met the inclusion criterion of more than 10 young kids never treated with anthelmintics. Questionnaire data on management were collected, and faecal samples from 252 kids were analysed by the McMaster technique. From all herds with a mean faecal egg count (FEC) above 300 eggs per g of faeces, pooled samples were stained with peanut agglutinin (PNA) for specific detection of Haemonchus contortus. Strongyle eggs were detected with an individual prevalence of 69%, including Nematodirus battus (3.6%) and other Nematodirus species (15.0%). Eimeria spp. were observed in 99.6% of the kids. H. contortus was found in 11 of 12 (92%) tested herds. Anthelmintics were used in 89% of the herds with mean treatment frequencies of 0.96 and 0.89 treatments per year for kids and adults, respectively. In 2011, new animals were introduced into 44% of the herds of which 25% practised quarantine anthelmintic treatments. In 10 herds the presence of AR was analysed by egg hatch assay and FEC reduction tests using ivermectin (0.3 mg/kg) or fenbendazole (10.0 mg/kg). AR against both fenbendazole and ivermectin was detected in seven herds; AR against fenbendazole in one herd, and AR against ivermectin in another herd. In conclusion, resistance to the most commonly used anthelmintics is widespread in larger goat herds throughout Denmark.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

et al. 2014

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“…according to FECR results (100%); this result was compatible with earlier reports showing equivalence of standard dose oral ivermectin with the same dose given SC 4,13 . While it is possible to observe a poorer efficacy of oral ivermectin administration, compared to SC injection, against migrating larvae or tissue forms of nematodes due to lower bioavailability of the oral drug, the oral route can also provide a high gastrointestinal drug concentration, more active against nematodes in the intestinal lumen 16 . While food intake is a negative factor for oral administration, lactation and infectious agent resistance negatively influence both oral and subcutaneous routes 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anthelmintic efficacy was determined by the "fecal egg count reduction test" (FECRT) according to the following formula 16 . EPG (pre-treatment) -EPG (post-treatment)X100 Effect (%) = EPG (pre -treatment)…”

Section: Ivermectin Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ivermectin is approved for use in cattle and sheep in many other countries besides Turkey; in goats it is used at the standard dose of 0.2 mg/kg, frequently also recommended for the subcutaneous (SC) treatment of nematode infections of cattle and sheep 4,[11][12][13][14] . Phamacokinetic studies, however, have shown important differences in ivermectin absorption and elimination as compared to cattle and sheep 4,15,16 . It has therefore been proposed to use a dose of 0.3 mg/kg 1 Different formulations of ivermectin (injectable, oral and pour-on) are used for nematode infections; the oral and pour-on administration is superior to the SC considering the ease of administration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the Route of Administration on Therapeutic Efficacy of Ivermectin in Saanen and Damascus Goats Naturally Infected with Trichostrongylidae spp.

Aypak¹,

Gökbulut²,

Voyvoda³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aims of this study were to compare the therapeutic efficacy of ivermectin after subcutaneous, per os and pour-on administration in Saanen goats naturally infected with Trichostrongylidea spp. and to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin pour-on in Damascus goats with similar gastrointestinal nematodes. After body weighing and faecal sample collection on day 0 (pre-treatment day), 45 Saanen goats were weighed, faecal sampled and allocated on the basis of day -3 faecal egg counts (FEC) to four treatment groups (n=9 in each group). Saanen goats were then treated with a single dose of ivermectin at a dose rate of 0.2 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection or oral administration and 0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg by topical application. Nine Saanen goats were kept as non-medicated control. Fifteen Damascus goats were divided two groups. The first group (n=9) received ivermectin pour-on as a single dose of 0.5 mg/kg and the second group (n=6) served as a non-medicated control. The efficacy was measured on the basis of the reduction of the egg output and the evaluation of the results from larval differentiation on 14 days post-treatment. In Saneen goats, ivermectin provided equally excellent (100%) therapeutic efficacy after subcutaneous or oral administration whereas ivermectin pour-on treatment at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg reduced pretreatment FEC by 96.5% and 99.9%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between 1.0 mg/kg of ivermectin by topical application and the ivermectin subcutaneous and oral treated groups for post treatment FEC whereas the efficacy of ivermectin pour-on at 0.5 mg/kg was significantly lower than that for each of the other 3 treatment groups. In Damascus goat, the therapeutic efficacy of 0.5 mg/kg ivermectin pour-on was recorded as only 30.7%. Keywords: Goat, Saanen, Damascus, Trichostrongylidae, Ivermectin Trichostrongylidae spp. ile Doğal Enfekte Saanen ve Damascus (Halep) Keçilerinde İvermektinin Terapötik Etkinliği Üzerine Uygulama Yolunun Etkisi ÖzetBu çalışmada, Trichostrongylidea spp. ile doğal enfekte Saanen keçisinde subkutan, oral ve dökme (pour-on) ivermektin uygulanmasının terapötik etkinliğini karşılaştırılması ve benzer gastrointestinal nematodlarla enfekte Halep keçisinde pour-on ivermektin uygulamasının etkinliğini değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kırk beş Saanen keçisi tedavi öncesi (0. gün) tartılıp, dışkı örnekleri alınmış ve 3 gün öncesi dışkı yumurta sayıları (FEC) temel alınarak 4 tedavi grubuna ayrılmıştır (her grupta n=9). Daha sonra keçilere bir kez 0.2 mg/kg ivermektin subkutan veya oral yolla ve 0.5 mg/kg ya da 1.0 mg/kg topikal olarak uygulanmıştır. Dokuz Saanen keçisi ilaçsız kontrol olarak bırakılmıştır. İki gruba ayrılan 15 Halep keçisinden birinci gruba (n = 9) 0.5 mg/kg tek doz ivermektin pour-on uygulanırken, ikinci grup (n = 6) ilaçsız kontrol olarak tutulmuştur. Etkinlik, tedavi sonrası 14. günde yumurta atılımında azalma ve dışkı kültürü sonuçları baz alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Saneen keçilerinde subkutan veya oral ivermektin uygulaması...

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Veterinary Drug Residues in Meat-Related Edible Tissues

Moreno

Lanusse

2017

New Aspects of Meat Quality

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Comparison of plasma pharmacokinetic profile of ivermectin following administration of subcutaneous injection (Baymec^®) and oral tablet (Efektin^®) in goats

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

Influence of the Route of Administration on Therapeutic Efficacy of Ivermectin in Saanen and Damascus Goats Naturally Infected with Trichostrongylidae spp.

Veterinary Drug Residues in Meat-Related Edible Tissues

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Comparison of plasma pharmacokinetic profile of ivermectin following administration of subcutaneous injection (Baymec®) and oral tablet (Efektin®) in goats

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds

Influence of the Route of Administration on Therapeutic Efficacy of Ivermectin in Saanen and Damascus Goats Naturally Infected with Trichostrongylidae spp.

Veterinary Drug Residues in Meat-Related Edible Tissues

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Product

Resources

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Comparison of plasma pharmacokinetic profile of ivermectin following administration of subcutaneous injection (Baymec^®) and oral tablet (Efektin^®) in goats