Comparison of Pocket Plate and Sintered Plate Ni Electrodes Used in Energy Storage Technologies for PV Back Up Applications

Mabbett, Ian; Glover, Carol; Malone, Jack H; Worsley, David

doi:10.1149/05045.0025ecst

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Having said that, Ni-MH lacks the capability of delivering high discharge power rates and is less tolerant to overcharge and fast charging compared to a nickel-cadmium battery. Ni-MH also has a very high self-discharge rate and relatively short cycle life compared to Ni-Cd [5,14].…”

Section: Description Of Basic Materials Of Nickel Metal Hydride Battementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this system, perforated nickel-plated mild steel tubes were alternatively filled with layers of nickel flakes/graphite and nickel hydroxide. The primary objective of this technology is to ease the mechanical forces that result from the swelling of the active cathode material while extending the long-term stability of the battery during high depth-of-discharge cycling [5,14]. Tubular plates can have a variety of different types of porous tube materials and tube configurations and can have tubes joined together or formed as separate tubes which are located separately on the current collecting elements of the cell.…”

Section: Tubular Plate Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The individual tubes were grouped in parallel to form the tubular plate electrode. As explained, due to the difficulties involved in the manufacturing process, this technology is no longer in use [5,14].…”

Section: Tubular Plate Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common commercial battery characteristics compared with aqueous (aq.) Ni-MH system [3][4][5]. In developed Ni-MH batteries, the positive electrode is nickel hydroxide (NiOOH) used with optimum amounts of additives (such as Co(OH) 2 , Y 2 O 3 , graphite powders, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives on Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes Suitable for Rechargeable Batteries: Electrolytic vs. Chemical Synthesis Routes

et al. 2020

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A significant amount of work on electrochemical energy storage focuses mainly on current lithium-ion systems with the key markets being portable and transportation applications. There is a great demand for storing higher capacity (mAh/g) and energy density (Wh/kg) of the electrode material for electronic and vehicle applications. However, for stationary applications, where weight is not as critical, nickel-metal hydride (Mi-MH) technologies can be considered with tolerance to deep discharge conditions. Nickel hydroxide has gained importance as it is used as the positive electrode in nickel-metal hydride and other rechargeable batteries such as Ni-Fe and Ni-Cd systems. Nickel hydroxide is manufactured industrially by chemical methods under controlled conditions. However, the electrochemical route is relatively better than the chemical counterpart. In the electrochemical route, a well-regulated OH− is generated at the cathode forming nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) through controlling and optimizing the current density. It produces nickel hydroxide of better purity with an appropriate particle size, well-oriented morphology, structure, et cetera, and this approach is found to be environmentally friendly. The structures of the nickel hydroxide and its production technologies are presented. The mechanisms of product formation in both chemical and electrochemical preparation of nickel hydroxide have been presented along with the feasibility of producing pure nickel hydroxide in this review. An advanced Ni(OH)2-polymer embedded electrode has been reported in the literature but may not be suitable for scalable electrochemical methods. To the best of our knowledge, no such insights on the Ni(OH)2 synthesis route for battery applications has been presented in the literature.

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Section: Description Of Basic Materials Of Nickel Metal Hydride Battementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tubular Plate Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tubular Plate Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives on Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes Suitable for Rechargeable Batteries: Electrolytic vs. Chemical Synthesis Routes

et al. 2020

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“…17 For example, lead-acid batteries typically offer 500-800 cycles, and lithium-ion batteries usually last no more than 1000 cycles especially when subjected to deep discharge. 18 Despite these striking attributes of iron-based batteries, the large-scale use of these batteries has been hampered largely by two technical issues of the iron electrode: (1) low charging efficiency of 55-70%, 16 and (2) poor discharge rate capability. 16,19,20 Our recent efforts have solved these two major problems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Performance Sintered Iron Electrode for Rechargeable Alkaline Batteries to Enable Large-Scale Energy Storage

Yang

Manohar

Narayanan

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Iron-based alkaline rechargeable batteries such as iron-air and nickel-iron batteries are particularly attractive for large-scale energy storage because these batteries can be relatively inexpensive, environment-friendly, and also safe. Therefore, our study has focused on achieving the essential electrical performance and cycling properties needed for the widespread use of iron-based alkaline batteries in stationary and distributed energy storage applications. We have demonstrated for the first time, an advanced sintered iron electrode capable of 3500 cycles of repeated charge and discharge at the 1-hour rate and 100% depth of discharge in each cycle, and an average Coulombic efficiency of over 97%. Such a robust and efficient rechargeable iron electrode is also capable of continuous discharge at rates as high as 3C with no noticeable loss in utilization. We have shown that the porosity, pore size and thickness of the sintered electrode can be selected rationally to optimize specific capacity, rate capability and robustness. These advances in the electrical performance and durability of the iron electrode enables iron-based alkaline batteries to be a viable technology solution for meeting the dire need for large-scale electrical energy storage. Electrical energy storage systems will enable the seamless integration of the electricity generated from wind turbines and solar photovoltaics into the electricity grid. Rechargeable batteries are particularly good candidates for such large-scale energy storage because of their high round-trip efficiency, inherent scalability, and flexibility for being located almost anywhere.1-6 Batteries such as vanadiumredox, lead-acid and lithium-ion are under consideration for this application because of their commercial availability. Yet, the widespread deployment of these battery systems is limited by their materials cost, lifetime, safety concerns, and the high cost of delivered energy. 7,8Rechargeable iron-based alkaline batteries such as nickel-iron and iron-air have unique advantages that make them particularly attractive for meeting the emerging demands of grid-scale electrical energy storage systems.6,9-12 Iron, the primary raw material for these battery systems, is globally abundant, relatively inexpensive, eco-friendly and is recycled readily. Thus, iron is particularly attractive as a raw material for batteries required at such a large scale.6 Iron-based batteries such as the nickel-iron battery are historically well known for their extraordinary robustness to thousands of cycles of charge and discharge, and tolerance to overcharge and over-discharge. [13][14][15][16] Such robustness is generally uncommon among rechargeable batteries; other types of batteries in use today degrade in about 1000 cycles.17 For example, lead-acid batteries typically offer 500-800 cycles, and lithium-ion batteries usually last no more than 1000 cycles especially when subjected to deep discharge.18 Despite these striking attributes of iron-based batteries, the large-scale use of these batteries ...

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Rapid Processing and Scanning Electrochemical Techniques Applied to Sintered Nickel Electrodes of Varying Thickness and Rate Capability

et al. 2015

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Nickel based battery chemistries still have a place in stationary energy storage applications such as in back up accumulator storage for photovoltaic devices, owing to the long lifetimes and relative safety of these technologies. In this study rapid Near Infrared (NIR) radiative heating is used to sinter electrode pastes into plaques in 10’s of seconds as opposed to 10’s of minutes via traditional convection sintering routes. This step change reduction in processing time is useful in enabling rapid roll-to-roll manufacture of large-scale electrodes. In order to avoid difficulties associated with controlled atmospheres, reducing agents were added to the electrode pastes. Sintered plaques were characterized using typical physical techniques such as SEM/EDX, XRD and BET but scanning electrochemical techniques, more typical in corrosion studies, have also been used to investigate current densities and spatially resolved surface potential maps and identify how regions of varying thickness effect rate capability.

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Comparison of Pocket Plate and Sintered Plate Ni Electrodes Used in Energy Storage Technologies for PV Back Up Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Perspectives on Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes Suitable for Rechargeable Batteries: Electrolytic vs. Chemical Synthesis Routes

Perspectives on Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes Suitable for Rechargeable Batteries: Electrolytic vs. Chemical Synthesis Routes

A High-Performance Sintered Iron Electrode for Rechargeable Alkaline Batteries to Enable Large-Scale Energy Storage

Rapid Processing and Scanning Electrochemical Techniques Applied to Sintered Nickel Electrodes of Varying Thickness and Rate Capability

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