Comparison of power system tracing cost allocation methods

Abstract

In the last years, several studies about network allocation considering cross-border exchanges in Europe and Asia have appeared. For example, in Europe, there is a need to find a robust and fair mechanism for Inter-Transmission System Operators (Inter-TSO) compensation in the European internal electricity market to replace the provisional European Transmission System Operators (ETSO) mechanism. One of the main challenges is that the system operator of each country does not have information about the electrical networks of other countries, making the application of any network cost allocation method difficult.

Comparison of transmission cost allocation methods case study: DET WEST power system

“…The net power is defined being the difference between the generated power and the part allocated from total transmission losses [10], [11]. The net real power flow through bus i, is expressed as:…”

“…Other flow-based methods are Bialek, Kirschen and EBE methods [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Bialek, Kirschen methods use the proportional sharing principle [7], [8], which implies that any active power flow leaving a bus, is proportionally with the flows entering the bus.…”

“…Distribution factors are calculated based on linear load flows, being used to been used to approximately determine the impact of generation and load on transmission flows. The traditional distribution factors method was extended to AC power flow evaluate the active and reactive power flow [5][6].Other flow-based methods are Bialek, Kirschen and EBE methods [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Bialek, Kirschen methods use the proportional sharing principle [7], [8], which implies that any active power flow leaving a bus, is proportionally with the flows entering the bus.…”

Probabilistic network usage by means of equivalent bilateral exchanges. Case study for the Romanian Power System

“…Some proposal problem are mention: distribution factors method [3], system matrices method [4]- [5], EBE method [6]- [7], pro rata method [8], Bialek method [9] and Kirschen method [10]. Network usage can be addressed through a probabilistic approach, considering the two random variables.…”

Contingency-constrained Congestion Management and Transmission Cost Allocation

“…The gross power is defined as the sum between the consumed power and the part allocated from total transmission losses. The gross real power flow through bus i, b i P is expressed as [23]: …”