Comparison of Pre-Adipocyte Yield, Growth and Differentiation Characteristics from Excised versus Aspirated Adipose Tissue

Abstract

Adipose tissue precursor cells (pre-adipocytes) are part of a stromal vascular fraction that can be easily isolated from fat tissue. Adipose tissue can be harvested by 2 methods: aspiration and excision. We analyzed whether the pre-adipocyte yield, growth characteristics and ability to differentiate into mature adipose tissue are influenced by the type of harvesting procedure. Adipose tissue was simultaneously harvested from the abdomen by surgical excision or aspiration according to the Coleman procedure in 10 individuals. This permitted inter- and intra-individual comparisons. Cell viability and yield were determined directly after isolation of pre-adipocytes. The growth kinetics were investigated in culture. Furthermore, pre-adipocytes were cultured under adipogenic conditions to compare their differentiation potential. The number of viable pre-adipocytes was significantly higher after excision of adipose tissue compared to aspiration. The proliferation kinetic was not influenced by the type of harvesting. No differences were observed in the differentiation potential of the pre-adipocytes between both groups. Compared to excision, aspiration of adipose tissue negatively affects the yield of pre-adipocytes. However, growth characteristics and differentiation potential of viable cultured cells are not influenced by the type of surgical harvesting. Due to its reduced donor site morbidity, we conclude that aspiration of adipose tissue is a valid harvesting method for isolation of pre-adipocytes.

Translating Research into Clinical Scale Manufacturing of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…In contrast to these results a latter study reveals a higher cell yield and viability after excision [43]. …”

Peer Review #2 of "Effect of sex on glucose handling by adipocytes isolated from rat subcutaneous, mesenteric and perigonadal adipose tissue (v0.3)"

“…The marked oxidative metabolism of brown adipose tissue, with multiple (and smaller) fat vacuoles and a large number of mitochondria, contrasts with the predominantly glycolytic activity of the huge single-vacuole adipocytes of white adipose tissue (WAT) (Ho-Palma et al 2016). Between these extremes, we find a number of intermediate adipocyte phenotypes, such as beige (Wu et al 2012) or pre-adipocytes (Torio-Padron et al 2010). The array of cell types, which retain a number of similar characteristics, result in an ample variability of functions of BAT, WAT; but also beige and brite or brown-in-white adipose tissue (Giralt & Villarroya 2013).…”

Production of Clinical Grade Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…Adipose tissue MSCs may be obtained after lipoexcision or lipoaspiration. If any of these procedures has a clear advantage in number or quality of cells over the other, is still a matter of debate (Torio Padron et al, 2010), but lipoaspiration is far less invasive procedure. Also, lipoaspirates are superior to excisates from the point of view of their stability, as the cell number in aspirates remains stable even after 24 hours, in contrary to rapid decrease of their yield in the excided tissue (Bieback et al, 2010).…”