Comparison of predictive powers of S100B and cell-free plasma DNA values in intensive care unit patients with intracranial hemorrhage

Differential Dynamics of the Levels of Low Molecular Weight DNA Fragments in the Plasma of Patients With Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes

“…In hemorrhagic stroke, the initial increase in LMW cfDNA levels, most likely reflects the extent of the tissue damage, while in ischemic patients, the LMW cfDNA levels increase in parallel with the damage caused by hypoxia and subsequent compensatory reperfusion. These time-course data augment previously reported findings concerning post-stroke plasma cfDNA levels (O'Connel et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2011;Dilek et al, 2013) by specifying an assessment window with maximum differentiating power for stroke outcomes i.e. 24-48 hours post-event for ischemic stroke, and as close as possible to the moment of hospital admission for hemorrhagic stroke.…”

“…To develop cfDNA as a biomarker, its plasma levels should be profiled at various post-event time points and, eventually, correlated with outcomes. Stroke-associated elevation of cfDNA levels has been noted previously (Rainer et al, 2003, Lam, Rainer, Wong, Lam, & Lo, 2006Geiger et al, 2006;O'Connel et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2011;Dilek et al, 2013). The current study differs from the ones cited above in two important aspects.…”

Procoagulant Phospholipids and Tissue Factor Activity in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Intracerebral Haemorrhage

“…They could have additional value if they can be used as a predictor of clinical outcome. Plasma S100B was previously shown to be increased in ICH and have a prognostic value [ 5 , 11 ]. Increased levels of S100B in blood is however not specific for ICH, as increases occur in other neuropathologies including traumatic brain injury and extracranial malignancies and has been shown to represent ongoing neurogeneration [ 6 ].…”

“…S100B is a calcium-binding protein concentrated in glial cells (although it has also been detected in definite extraneural cell types) and serum S100B is considered as a relevant diagnostic and prognostic tool in acute spontaneous ICH. However, a recent study in patients with ICH suggested that its sensitivity and specificity were not as high as previously described at least in patients with traumatic brain injury [ 5 ] and considerable evidence indicates that S100B is not a specific biomarker for brain damage [ 6 ].…”

Cell-free DNA-based liquid biopsies in neurology

“…Plasma-derived cfDNA levels, measured using β-globin expression, have been found to positively correlate with patient Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score and inversely correlate with patient Glasgow Coma Scale, indicating a relationship between overall cfDNA levels and ICH patient clinical status. 122 Additionally, cfDNA samples taken on Day 3 of intensive care unit admission positively correlated with the duration of stay in intensive care, though this marker was not as predictive of patient outcome as the protein biomarker S100β. This increased cfDNA is thought to arise from neurons and glia damaged during CNS injury; indeed, investigation of epigenetic signatures indicates that demethylation at the brain-specific CpG CG09787504 can be readily detected in circulating cfDNA of patients after TBI, thus reporting on the rate of brain cell death.…”