Comparison of primary frequency control methods for wind turbines based on the doubly fed induction generator

Abstract

The penetration of large levels of wind energy leads to technical problems affecting the frequency stability of the power system. Naturally, a wind power plant does not provide an inertial response nor does it regulate the system frequency in case of generation-demand imbalance due to the decoupling between the rotor speed and the grid frequency through the electronic converter (AC/DC/AC). This paper reviews, analysis and compares the performance of four control methods based on the modification of the electromagnetic torque set point and one of the mechanical torque. These methods allow that activation of the wind turbine inertia when a frequency deviation occurs, contributing to the regulation of the system frequency similarly to a conventional synchronous generator. However, wind turbines only change their operating point for a limited time and not permanently.

Automatic Generation Control of a Multi-Area Hybrid Renewable Energy System Using a Proposed Novel GA-Fuzzy Logic Self-Tuning PID Controller

“…M. Amaro Pinazo, R. Antara Arias, and J. Mirez Carrillo reviewed, in [20], the analysis and performance of four different control technologies for wind turbines based on electromagnetic and mechanical torques. Babu, N.R.…”

A unified optimization control of wind farms considering wake effect for grid frequency support

“…Wind turbines (WTs) generally adopt the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method, which has no reserve capacity to meet the requirements of frequency regulation (Chen et al, 2023; Dreidy et al, 2017). In order to involve WFs in frequency regulation, the current research mainly focuses on virtual inertial control (Li et al, 2022; Morren et al, 2006) and de-loaded power control (Amaro Pinazo et al, 2022; Ramtharan et al, 2007; Si et al, 2022). Morren et al (2006) proposed a virtual control inertial method by utilizing the rotor kinetic energy (KE) of WTs.…”

“…Ramtharan et al (2007) achieve the de-loaded operation of WFs by combining speed control with pitch angle control. Amaro Pinazo et al (2022) combined the advantages of de-loaded power control and virtual inertial control to achieve the power reserve according to the operating characteristics of WT under different wind speed areas. An improved strategy for the primary frequency response of WTs was proposed in Si et al (2022), utilizing pitch angle control to adjust the output power of the WTs for frequency support.…”