Comparison of process-reactive measures in schizophrenia

Schultz, Candace L.; Herron, William G.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197904)35:2<270::aid-jclp2270350210>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…When we look at studies of the process-reactive dimension as a predictor of outcome, we find that the recent results have been mixed (Higgins 1971; Evans et al 1973; Bromet et al 1974; Strauss and Carpenter 1974; Herron 1979; Schultz and Herron 1979; Cheselka et al 1984; Westermeyer and Harrow 1984; Harrow and Quinlan 1985; Harrow et al 1986). These mixed results suggest that the process-reactive dimension does have prognostic utility, but this utility may be limited.…”

Section: Do Narrow Concepts Of Schizophrenia Such As That Found In Th...mentioning

confidence: 88%

Process-reactive Dimension and Outcome for Narrow Concepts of Schizophrenia

Harrow

Westermeyer²

1987

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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The data presented by the authors suggest a more successful prediction of outcome by the process-reactive dimension when it is applied to schizophrenic patients defined according to broad concepts of schizophrenia (e.g., DSM-II) than to narrow concepts of schizophrenia (e.g., DSM-III). Research indicates that the DSM-III is more likely than the DSM-II diagnosis to be composed of "poor prognosis" schizophrenia, as defined by the classical prognostic indicators. In general, the overall results could support the views of Herron and others that the process-reactive dimension is more valuable as a predictor for a schizophrenia spectrum than for modern, narrow concepts of schizophrenia. However, while recent data of the authors indicate that DSM-III schizophrenic patients show poorer outcome than DSM-II schizophrenic patients, they also indicate that (1) DSM-III schizophrenic patients still show heterogeneity in prehospital functioning and outcome, and (2) other prognostic indexes, such as the Zigler-Phillips Scale and the Vaillant-Stephens Scale, have some efficacy in predicting course and outcome among DSM-III schizophrenic patients. Data on prehospital functioning and outcome are discussed in terms of two contrasting models--a developmental model and a natural history model of the course of schizophrenia.

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Section: Do Narrow Concepts Of Schizophrenia Such As That Found In Th...mentioning

confidence: 88%

Process-reactive Dimension and Outcome for Narrow Concepts of Schizophrenia

Harrow

Westermeyer²

1987

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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“…The following comments are in response to a study by Harrow et al (1986). Results of two studies (Schultz and Herron 1979; Cheselka et al 1984) preceding but not mentioned by Harrow et al forecasted a number of their current findings. In particular, we established the predictive ability of the Phillips scale and marital status for symptom improvement in schizophrenic patients diagnosed by DSM-II (American Psychiatric Association 1968).…”

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confidence: 83%

Evaluating the Process-reactive Dimension

Herron

1987

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Harrow et al. (1986) report the limitations of the process-reactive dimension as a long-term outcome predictor for young, early phase DSM-III schizophrenics. Two additional studies are now described contrasting the good success of the process-reactive approach as a short-term predictor with DSM-II schizophrenia to its poor success in the same mode with DSM-III schizophrenics. The point is made that the change in diagnostic methods has reduced the heterogeneity of the current population of schizophrenics. The process-reactive conception is suggested as more valuable for a schizophrenia spectrum than for schizophrenia as now defined. Also, a reexamination of current schizophrenic heterogeneity is called for to determine the utility of a process-reactive dimension.

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“…Considerable research in support of this view has been reported on some of these, such as premorbid adjustment and symptom patterns (Herron, 1977;Schultz & Herron, 1979), but the need remains for exploration of the more complex and subtle possible antecedents, such as defense mechanisms. Considerable research in support of this view has been reported on some of these, such as premorbid adjustment and symptom patterns (Herron, 1977;Schultz & Herron, 1979), but the need remains for exploration of the more complex and subtle possible antecedents, such as defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Rockland Psychiatric Centermentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense mechanisms in reactive and process schizophrenics

et al. 1982

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Divided schizophrenics into reactive and process groups (20 males and 20 females in each group) on the basis of three criteria: Premorbid adjustment, role orientation, and paranoid‐nonparanoid status. All were administered the Defense Mechanism Inventory, which measures five clusters of defenses. Reactives had significantly higher scores than process patients on Turning against Self and Projection. Process patients had significantly higher scores on Reversal. No significant differences between groups were found on Turning against Object and Principalization, nor were there significant sex differences. The results support the probability of different defensive preferences for the reactive and process syndromes.

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Comparison of process-reactive measures in schizophrenia

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Process-reactive Dimension and Outcome for Narrow Concepts of Schizophrenia

Process-reactive Dimension and Outcome for Narrow Concepts of Schizophrenia

Evaluating the Process-reactive Dimension

Defense mechanisms in reactive and process schizophrenics

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