Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Uryu, Haruka; Tsukahara, Takamitsu; Ishikawa, Hiromichi; Oi, Munetaka; Otake, Satoshi; Yamane, Ichirō; Inoüe, Ryo

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8101469

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interestingly, the significant difference in alpha diversity disappeared, but significant difference was observed in beta diversity between HP and LP groups on d 110 of gestation. This was in keeping with the results in Uryu et al ( 12 ) who explored the relationship between sow productive capacities and the fecal microbiota in different farms. However, Shao et al ( 40 ) reported that alpha diversity and beta diversity both differed between sows with high- and low-reproductive performance during late gestation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, Shao et al ( 40 ) reported that alpha diversity and beta diversity both differed between sows with high- and low-reproductive performance during late gestation. It might suggest that the beta diversity, not alpha diversity, was a critical factor to evaluate the effect of gut microbiota on sow reproductive performance ( 12 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Koren et al ( 10 ) showed normal pregnancy to be accompanied by a profound change of gut microbiota from the first to the third trimester with an increase in the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria abundances which might be connected with the maternal metabolic profile. Uryu et al ( 12 ) demonstrated that sow productivity on different farms was likely related to changes in fecal microbe composition. Besides, research showed that dietary probiotic supplementation in gestating sow diet could increase the number of piglets total born ( 13 , 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Status of Sows With Different Litter Sizes During Pregnancy

Chen

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The experiment was conducted to compare the differences of gut microbiota and metabolic status of sows with different litter sizes on days 30 and 110 of gestation, and uncover the relationship between the composition of maternal gut microbiota during gestation and sow reproductive performance. Twenty-six Large White × Landrace crossbred multiparous sows (2nd parity) with similar back fat thickness and body weight were assigned to two groups [high-reproductive performance group (HP group) and low-reproductive performance group (LP group)] according to their litter sizes and fed a common gestation diet. Results showed that compared with LP sows, HP sows had significantly lower plasma levels of triglyceride (TG) on gestation d 30 (P < 0.05), but had significantly higher plasma levels of TG, non-esterified fatty acid, tumor necrosis factor-α, and immunoglobulin M on gestation d 110 (P < 0.05). Consistently, HP sows revealed increased alpha diversity and butyrate-producing genera, as well as fecal butyrate concentration, on gestation d 30; HP sows showed significantly different microbiota community structure with LP sows (P < 0.05) and had markedly higher abundance of Firmicutes (genera Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Terrisporobacter) which were positively related with litter size on gestation d 110 than LP sows (P < 0.05). In addition, plasma biochemical parameters, plasma cytokines, and fecal microbiota shifted dramatically from gestation d 30 to d 110. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that microbial abundances and community structures differed significantly between sows with different litter sizes and gestation stages, which was associated with changes in plasma biochemical parameters, inflammatory factors, and immunoglobulin. Moreover, these findings revealed that there was a significant correlation between litter size and gut microbiota of sows, and provided a microbial perspective to improve sow reproductive performance in pig production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Status of Sows With Different Litter Sizes During Pregnancy

Chen

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Butyrate is the main end product of some non-pathogenic species of the genus Clostridium (72-74), which contribute to preserve a healthy intestinal microecology through the control of the growth of pathogenic microbes (75-77), while living in harmony with commensal members of the families Bacteroidaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae (77). In a previous study, the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria and the concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate were significantly higher among fecal samples from highreproductive performance farms than among those from lowreproductive performance farms (78). Streptomycin treatment depleted butyrate-producing clostridia from the murine gut, decreased butyrate levels, and increased the population of pathogens like Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (79).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Replacement of Metaphylactic Antimicrobial Therapy by Oral Administration of Ligilactobacillus salivarius MP100 in a Pig Farm

et al. 2021

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Antibiotic use in swine production contributes to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, which poses a threat on human health. Therefore, alternative approaches must be developed. The objective of this work was the characterization of the probiotic properties of a Ligilactobacillus salivarius strain isolated from sow's milk and its application as an inoculated fermented feed to pregnant sows and piglets. The study was carried in a farm in which metaphylactic use of antimicrobials (including zinc oxide) was eliminated at the time of starting the probiotic intervention, which lasted for 2 years. Feces from 8-week-old piglets were collected before and after the treatment and microbiological and biochemical analyses were performed. The procedure led to an increase in the concentrations of clostridia and lactobacilli-related bacteria. Parallel, an increase in the concentration of butyrate, propionate and acetate was observed and a notable reduction in the presence of antibiotic resistant lactobacilli became apparent. In conclusion, replacement of antimicrobials by a microbiota-friendly approach was feasible and led to positive microbiological and biochemical changes in the enteric environment.

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“…Therefore, early-life nutritional intervention has significant potential in reducing the risk of gastrointestinal infections in piglets. Furthermore, it promotes growth performance in piglets ( 12 ). Tan et al ( 13 ) reported that pigs with high-feed efficiency exhibit large numbers of beneficial bacteria in their gut.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Life Nutrition Interventions Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Health via the Gut Microbiota in Piglets

et al. 2022

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Intestinal infections in piglets are the main causes of morbidity before and after weaning. Studies have not explored approaches for combining pre-weaning and post-weaning nutritional strategies to sustain optimal gut health. The current study thus sought to explore the effects of early-life nutrition interventions through administration of synthetic milk on growth performance and gut health in piglets from 3 to 30 days of age. Twelve sows were randomly allocated to control group (CON) and early-life nutrition interventions group (ENI). Piglets were fed with the same creep diet from 7 days of age ad libitum. Piglets in the ENI group were provided with additional synthetic milk from Day 3 to Day 30. The results showed that early-life nutrition interventions improved growth performance, liver weight, spleen weight, and reduced diarrhea rate of piglets after weaning (P < 0.05). Early-life nutrition interventions significantly upregulated expression of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin4, GALNT1, B3GNT6, and MUC2 in colonic mucosa at mRNA level (P < 0.05). Early-life nutrition interventions reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum and the content of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in plasma (P < 0.05). The number of goblet cells and crypt depth of colon of piglets was significantly higher in piglets in the ENI group relative to that of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). The relative mRNA expression levels of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8, and the protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in colonic mucosa of piglets in the ENI group were lower compared with those of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). Relative abundance of Lactobacillus in colonic chyme and mucosa of piglets in the ENI group was significantly higher relative to that of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with the relative mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Claudin4, and GALNT1, and it was negatively correlated with the level of MCP-1 in colonic chyme and mucosa. In summary, the findings of this study showed that early-life nutrition interventions improved growth performance, colonic barrier, and reduced inflammation in the colon by modulating composition of gut microbiota in piglets. Early-life nutrition intervention through supplemental synthetic milk is a feasible measure to improve the health and reduce the number of deaths of piglets.

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Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Comparison of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Status of Sows With Different Litter Sizes During Pregnancy

Comparison of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Status of Sows With Different Litter Sizes During Pregnancy

Replacement of Metaphylactic Antimicrobial Therapy by Oral Administration of Ligilactobacillus salivarius MP100 in a Pig Farm

Early-Life Nutrition Interventions Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Health via the Gut Microbiota in Piglets

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