Comparison of quiet time vertical plasma drifts with global empirical models over the Indian sector: Some insights

Pandey, Kuldeep; Sekar, R.; Gupta, S.P.; Chakrabarty, D.; Anandarao, B. G.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2017.03.012

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The polarity of Sq electric field can also be inferred from the measurements of E region electron density profiles and structures in them (Pandey et al, ). Recently, Pandey et al () have shown that the polarity of zonal Sq electric field and the limiting values of the drift deduced from such measurements match well with the empirical model of vertical drift (Fejer et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the absence of gradient drift waves in the positive gradient region at very low altitudes (∼90 km) indicates toward the westward Sq electric field on that day. Further, the presence of streaming waves above 105 km altitude indicates that the downward drift corresponding to zonal Sq electric field was more than the limiting value of 12 ms −1 (Pandey et al, ). Thus, the Sq electric field can be westward and with large amplitude on some occasions during afternoon in June solstice under solar minimum periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on in situ measurements of vertical drifts obtained using ion drift meters onboard AE‐E and ROCSAT‐1 satellites, Scherliess and Fejer () and Fejer et al (), respectively, developed global empirical models of vertical drifts. Recently, based on the scattered data that were available, Pandey et al () showed that the vertical drifts reported by Fejer et al () model corresponding to 60°E longitude (with ±15° longitude and ±5° dip latitude bin) represent the vertical drifts over the Indian sector fairly well at different local times of the day barring early morning hours. Therefore, the Sq electric fields at different local times are obtained based on climatological vertical drifts of Fejer et al () model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on in situ measurements of vertical drifts obtained using ion drift meters onboard AE-E and ROCSAT-1 satellites, Scherliess and Fejer (1999) and Fejer et al (2008), respectively, developed global empirical models of vertical drifts. Recently, based on the scattered data that were available, Pandey et al (2017) showed that the vertical drifts reported by Fejer et al (2008) The input of E region electron densities to the model is based on the in situ measurements (Gupta, 2000;Subbaraya et al, 1983) that have been obtained using high-frequency Langmuir probe (Prakash & Subbaraya, 1967) onboard rocket experiments, conducted over TRD at different local times between 1968 and 1982. It is noticed that electron density profiles over the electrojet altitudes (90-110 km) do not reveal significant temporal variation during 1000-1400 LT for a given solar epoch.…”

Section: Inputs To the Electrojet Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dip equatorial vertical plasma drifts driven by Sq electric fields are measured directly using radar (e.g., Fejer, 1981;Woodman, 1970), Barium vapor cloud (e.g., Haerendel et al, 1967), and ion drift meter (e.g., Hanson & Heelis, 1975) techniques. A few methodologies were described in the literature (e.g., Anderson et al, 2004;Pandey et al, 2017) to derive the zonal Sq electric field from geomagnetic field observations. In general, as mentioned earlier, the EEJ is eastward during daytime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Occurrence of Afternoon Counter Electrojet Over Indian Longitudes During June Solstice in Solar Minimum

et al. 2018

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Studies made earlier using ground‐based observations of geomagnetic field over the Indian longitudes revealed that the occurrence of equatorial counter electrojet (CEJ) events in afternoon hours is more frequent during June solstice (May‐June‐July‐August) in solar minimum than in other periods. In general, the June solstice solar minimum CEJ events occur between 1500 local time (LT) and 1800 LT with peak strength of about −10 nT at around 1600 LT. In order to understand the frequent occurrence of these CEJ events, an investigation is carried out using an equatorial electrojet model (Anandarao, 1976, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL003i009p00545) and the empirical vertical drift model by Fejer et al. (2008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012801). The strength, duration, peak value, and the occurrence time of CEJ obtained using electrojet model match remarkably well with the corresponding observation of average geomagnetic field variations. The occurrence of CEJ is found to be due to solar quiet (Sq) electric field in the westward direction which is manifested as downward drift in Fejer et al. (2008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012801) model output during 1500–1800 LT. Further, the occurrence of afternoon reversal of Sq electric field in this season is shown to be consistent with earlier studies from Indian sector. Therefore, this investigation provides explicit evidence for the role of westward Sq electric field on the generation of afternoon CEJ during June solstice in solar minimum periods over the Indian sector indicating the global nature of these CEJ events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inputs To the Electrojet Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Occurrence of Afternoon Counter Electrojet Over Indian Longitudes During June Solstice in Solar Minimum

et al. 2018

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Investigation on longitudinal and decadal variations of the equatorial electrojet using a physical model

Pandey

Sekar

Chakrabarty

et al. 2021

Advances in Space Research

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Critical Evaluation of the Impact of Disturbance Dynamo on Equatorial Ionosphere During Daytime

2018

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Based on careful analysis of 16 years of hourly variations of the strength of equatorial electrojet (EEJ) derived using the ground-based magnetometers over the Indian sector, the role played by disturbance dynamo electric field disturbances on equatorial ionosphere is identified. It is found that most prominent cases of the effects of disturbance dynamo occurred during equinoctial months in high solar activity period. In three extreme cases, the reduction in EEJ strength from quiet time average values of the respective month is more than twice the standard deviations for at least 3 hr. Based on the methodology described in Pandey et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2017.03.012), it is found that the westward electric field perturbations are as large as 0.7 ± 0.2 to 1.2 ± 0.3 mV/m around noon hours for these three cases. In contrast to the expectation of disturbance dynamo electric field perturbations over equatorial latitudes from the earlier models, these values during daytime are significantly larger and even caused reversals of EEJ on two occasions. A possible additional source to augment the reduction in the electric field is indicated.

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Comparison of quiet time vertical plasma drifts with global empirical models over the Indian sector: Some insights

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

On the Occurrence of Afternoon Counter Electrojet Over Indian Longitudes During June Solstice in Solar Minimum

On the Occurrence of Afternoon Counter Electrojet Over Indian Longitudes During June Solstice in Solar Minimum

Investigation on longitudinal and decadal variations of the equatorial electrojet using a physical model

Critical Evaluation of the Impact of Disturbance Dynamo on Equatorial Ionosphere During Daytime

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