Comparison of radioactive aerosol size distributions (Activity, number, mass, and surface area)

Khalaf, Hyam Nazmy Bader; Mostafa, Mostafa; Vasyanovich, M. E.; Zhukovsky, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.12.022

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Experiments were carried out in an indoor air laboratory and in a standard chamber under controlled conditions of radon concentration [20,21]. Additional aerosol particles were injected using ECs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

2019

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Particle size distribution is an important factor governing whether aerosols can be deposited in various respiratory tract regions in humans. Recently, electronic cigarette (EC), as the alternative of tobacco cigarette, has become increasingly popular all over the world. However, emissions from ECs may contribute to both indoor and outdoor air pollution; moreover, comments about their safety remain controversial, and the number of users is increasing rapidly. In this investigation, aerosols were generated from ECs and studied in the indoor air and in a chamber under controlled conditions of radon concentration. The generated aerosols were characterized in terms of particle number concentrations, size, and activity distributions by using aerosol diffusion spectrometer (ADS), diffusion battery, and cascade impactor. The range of ADS assessment was from 10−3 μm to 10 μm. The number concentration of the injected aerosol particles was between 40 000 and 100 000 particles/cm3. The distribution of these particles was the most within the ultrafine particle size range (0–0.2 μm), and the other particle were in the size range from 0.3 μm to 1 μm. The surface area distribution and the mass size distribution are presented and compared with bimodal distribution. In the radon chamber, all distributions were clearly bimodal, as the free radon decay product was approximately 1 nm in diameter, with a fraction of ~0.7 for a clean chamber (without any additional source of aerosols). The attached fraction with the aerosol particles from the ECs had a size not exceeding 1.0 μm.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aerosol parameters were measured continuously with ADS (fl ow rate 0.5 L/min) in the range from 10 -3 m to 10 m. More details about the ADS can be found in previous papers [21][22][23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

2019

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“…Uranium mining in particular is unique in that currently the ores represent the only source of nuclear fuel for nuclear power production [6,7]. In uranium prospecting, the principal sources of occupational exposure are inhaled radon, thoron, and their respective progenies from the 238 U and 232 Th series, along with the associated external irradiation gamma rays [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of radioactive heavy minerals in prospecting trenches and concomitant occupational exposure

et al. 2021

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Uranium, perhaps the most strategically important component of heavy minerals, finds particular significance in the nuclear industry. In prospecting trenches, the radioactivity of 238U and 232Th provides a good signature of the presence of heavy minerals. In the work herein, the activity concentrations of several key primordial radionuclides (238U, 232Th, and 40K) were measured in prospecting trenches (each of the latter being of approximately the same geometry and physical situation). All of these are located in the Seila area of the South Eastern desert of Egypt. A recently introduced industry standard, the portable hand-held RS-230 BGO gamma-ray spectrometer (1024 channels) was employed in the study. Based on the measured data, the trenches were classified as either non-regulated (U activity less than 1000 Bq kg-1) or regulated (with 238U activity more than 1000 Bq kg-1). Several radiological hazard parameters were calculated, statistical analysis also being performed to examine correlations between the origins of the radionuclides and their influence on the calculated values. While the radioactivity and hazard parameters exceed United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) guided limits, the mean annual effective doses of 0.49 and 1.4 mSv y-1 in non-regulated and regulated trenches respectively remain well below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended 20 mSv/y maximum occupational limit. This investigation reveals that the studied area contains high uranium content, suitable for extraction of U-minerals for use in the nuclear fuel cycle.

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“…Awareness of the impact of airborne particles, particularly fine and ultrafine particles (UFPs below 100 nm), on health is growing. Usually, the contribution of ultrafine particles to total particle mass concentration is negligible compared with the numerical concentration [36,37]. In other words, when particle mass concentration is measured, the ultrafine proportion is practically neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radon decay products, especially the short-lived ( 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, and 214 Po), make a much higher contribution to the equivalent dose to lung tissues than radon itself. The dose to the respiratory tracts caused by RDPs depends on the aerosol size distribution, form of breathing, and breathing rate [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air

Mostafa

Khalaf

Zhukovsky

2021

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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In this work, six different aerosol sources, used in everyday life, were investigated to analyze parameters such as concentration, size distributions, and dynamics: regular and electronic cigarettes, incense, candles, mosquito coils, and cooking. During the experiments, the aerosol particle count ranged from 200 to 2•10 5 cm −3 . The number, mass, and specific surface area of the aerosol size distributions were measured by a Model 2702 M diffusion aerosol spectrometer (DAS) with a range of 5 nm to 10 μm. The attachment rate of radon decay products to aerosol particles is calculated depending on their size distribution/ The use of household sources of aerosols (heat treatment of food, smoking, candles, etc.) result in an increase in the concentration of aerosol particles by more than an order of magnitude, mainly due to the generation of ultrafine aerosols with number median diameter 64-92 nm and GSD 1.45-1.84. The mass distribution is dominated by particles with a distribution maximum in the range of 2-5 μm. The attachment of radon decay products to aerosols is associated with ultrafine particles with diameter < 200 nm. The median diameter of the rate of attachment to aerosols is 130 nm.

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Comparison of radioactive aerosol size distributions (Activity, number, mass, and surface area)

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

The presence of radioactive heavy minerals in prospecting trenches and concomitant occupational exposure

Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air

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