Comparison of Real Time PCR Cycle Threshold Values in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Gülbudak, Harun; Karvar, Şinasi; Soydan, Gizem; Ülger, Seda Tezcan; Kandemir, Özlem; Tamer, Lülüfer; Altunkan, Ali Aydin; Özdemir, Asena Ayça; Aslan, Gönül

doi:10.5578/mb.20219812

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…During the evaluation of viral load from different samples, Hasanoglu et al demonstrated high viral load from nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients than symptomatic patients and considered these asymptomatic cases as an invisible part of the iceberg ( Hasanoglu et al, 2021 ). In contrast, numerous studies, including the current study, demonstrated low Ct value and high viral load in symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic patients ( Gülbudak et al, 2021 ; Kociolek et al, 2021 ; Strutner et al, 2021 ). Despite these parameters, few researchers found no significant difference in Ct value among symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals ( Lee et al, 2020 ; Louie et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

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Trend of viral load during the first, second, and third wave of COVID-19 in the Indian Himalayan region: an observational study of the Uttarakhand state

Negi,

Diksha,

Kalita

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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India had faced three waves throughout the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which had already impacted economic lives and affected the healthcare setting and infrastructure. The widespread impacts have inspired researchers to look for clinical indicators of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection prognosis. Cyclic threshold values have been used to correlate the viral load in COVID-19 patients and for viral transmission. In light of this correlation, a retrospective study was conducted to assess the trend of viral load in clinical and demographic profiles across the three waves. Data of a total of 11,125 COVID-19-positive patients were obtained, which had a Ct value of <35. We stratified Ct values as follows: under 25 (high viral load), 25–30 (moderate viral load), and over 30 (low viral load). We found a significantly high proportion of patients with high viral load during the second wave. A significantly high viral load across the symptomatic and vaccinated populations was found in all three waves, whereas a significantly high viral load across age groups was found only in the first wave. With the widespread availability of real-time PCR and the limited use of genomic surveillance, the Ct value and viral load could be a suitable tool for population-level monitoring and forecasting.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…The effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus generates various clinical responses ranging from symptomatic to asymptomatic and more severe infections that require critical care ( Gülbudak et al, 2021 ). According to a report, 40–45% of the SARS-CoV-2 cases do not exhibit any symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend of viral load during the first, second, and third wave of COVID-19 in the Indian Himalayan region: an observational study of the Uttarakhand state

Negi,

Diksha,

Kalita

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Furthermore, there exist studies which attempted to compare Ct values in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases [ 50 , 51 ]. It has also been discussed that the usefulness of the PCR assay in COVID-19 patients can be diminished by simplifying its test result as positive or negative and that the Ct value (when the test result is positive), can assist in decision-making when interpreted in the clinical context of patients [ 52 ].…”

Section: Current Covid-19 Pandemic-derived Molecular Diagnostics’ Fac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Deceptive COVID-19: Lessons from Common Molecular Diagnostics and a Novel Plan for the Prevention of the Next Pandemic

Mouliou¹

2023

Diseases

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The COVID-19 pandemic took place during the years 2020–2022 and the virus, named SARS-CoV-2, seems likely to have resulted in an endemic disease. Nevertheless, widespread COVID-19 has given rise to several major molecular diagnostics’ facts and concerns that have emerged during the overall management of this disease and the subsequent pandemic. These concerns and lessons are undeniably critical for the prevention and control of future infectious agents. Furthermore, most populaces were introduced to several new public health maintenance strategies, and again, some critical events arose. The purpose of this perspective is to thoroughly analyze all these issues and the concerns, such as the molecular diagnostics’ terminologies, their role, as well as the quantity and quality issues with a molecular diagnostics’ test result. Furthermore, it is speculated that society will be more vulnerable in the future and prone to emerging infectious diseases; thus, a novel preventive medicine’s plan for the prevention and control of future (re)emerging infectious diseases is presented, so as to aid the early prevention of future epidemics and pandemics.

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“…The comorbidity rate was significantly higher in symptomatic patients (29.1%) than that in asymptomatic patients (9.3%). 4 The viral load lasted longer in severe COVID-19 patients than those with mild symptom. 3 In the current study, different types of specimens from COVID-19 patients were collected for the viral load examination, followed by the correlation analysis between the viral loads and ages, sample types, disease stage, lung infection, and immune response.As shown in Table S1, information including age, symptoms, laboratory examination, and computed tomography images was indicated in 77 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Shanghai according to the seventh edition of the Chinese Clinical Guidance for COVID-19 Pneumonia # These authors contributed equally to this work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The comorbidity rate was significantly higher in symptomatic patients (29.1%) than that in asymptomatic patients (9.3%). 4 The viral load lasted longer in severe COVID‐19 patients than those with mild symptom. 3 In the current study, different types of specimens from COVID‐19 patients were collected for the viral load examination, followed by the correlation analysis between the viral loads and ages, sample types, disease stage, lung infection, and immune response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlations between the viral loads and symptoms in the SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2023

MedComm

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Correlations between the viral loads and symptoms in the SARS-CoV-2-infected patientsDear Editor, COVID-19 pandemic has brought an estimated 676 million cases and 6.88 million deaths until March 2023. Multiple waves of outbreaks have been caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its mutants, such as alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron. It remains a big challenge to limit the rapid spread mainly due to our poor understanding of the pathological mechanisms.Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the host cells, which does not have a standard rate or pattern. As such, the incubation period and viral load may vary between patients. Amplification of the virus fragment has been recommended by World Health Organization to determine the viral load in COVID-19 patients, 1 in which the cycle threshold (Ct) value is inversely related to the gene expression level or the viral load in the tested samples. The faster the virus replicates, the smaller the Ct value will be. SARS-CoV-2 viral load can serve as a marker of infection progress. 2 High level of viral load was usually detected at the upper respiratory tract in the first week after diagnosis of patient. 2,3 An analysis of 323 samples from 76 COVID-19 patients indicated higher level of viral load in sputum in the early and progressive stages than that in the recovery stage (46,800 ± 17,272 vs. 1252 ± 1027 copies/test, p < 0.001). The comorbidity rate was significantly higher in symptomatic patients (29.1%) than that in asymptomatic patients (9.3%). 4 The viral load lasted longer in severe COVID-19 patients than those with mild symptom. 3 In the current study, different types of specimens from COVID-19 patients were collected for the viral load examination, followed by the correlation analysis between the viral loads and ages, sample types, disease stage, lung infection, and immune response.As shown in Table S1, information including age, symptoms, laboratory examination, and computed tomography images was indicated in 77 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Shanghai according to the seventh edition of the Chinese Clinical Guidance for COVID-19 Pneumonia # These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Comparison of Real Time PCR Cycle Threshold Values in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Trend of viral load during the first, second, and third wave of COVID-19 in the Indian Himalayan region: an observational study of the Uttarakhand state

Trend of viral load during the first, second, and third wave of COVID-19 in the Indian Himalayan region: an observational study of the Uttarakhand state

The Deceptive COVID-19: Lessons from Common Molecular Diagnostics and a Novel Plan for the Prevention of the Next Pandemic

Correlations between the viral loads and symptoms in the SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients

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