Comparison of reproduction and carcass traits in light type of ducks of four conservative flocks over eight generations

Self Cite

In two Polish conservative flocks of Miniduck (K2) and Pekin (P33), registered by FAO as domestic genetic resources (World Watch List, 2000) the mean values of physical (tissue components) and qualitative traits of meat (pH 15 , pH 24 , colour of meat) were determined. The experimental flocks showed significant variations in body weight at 7 weeks of age (1540 vs 2088 in drakes and 1395 vs 1986 g in ducks), in the proportion of breast and leg muscles and skin with subcutaneous fat in eviscerated carcass. K2 ducks are characterized by outstanding musculature of breast and P33 ducks by that of lower leg and by low fatness. pH 15 values of breast and leg muscles in K2 and P33 birds were greater than pH 24 of these muscles. In both flocks pH 15 values of 6.09 to 6.33 and pH 24 values of 5.90 to 6.05 in breast muscles were lower than in leg muscles (6.33 to 6.46 and 6.12 to 6.37, respectively). A significantly lower L* value (darker colour) of breast muscle was characteristic of K2 birds (43.7 in males and 40.5 in females) compared to P33 males and females. Furthermore, breast muscles of K2 drakes and ducks had significantly higher redness (a*) and yellowness values (b*) than P33. In pectoralis superficialis muscle of K2 and P33 females, a significantly lower diameter was found for white muscle fibres (αW) (30.0 to 30.5 µm) and for red muscle fibres (βR) (16.9 to 17.6 µm) than in biceps femoris muscle (αW from 48.3 to 54.2; βR from 36.0 to 37.1 µm). Muscle fibres of K2 compared to P33 ducks were characterized by significantly greater diameters of βR muscle fibre in pectoralis superficialis muscle, and by lower αW and βR fibre diameters in biceps femoris muscle. The experiment showed that meat of ducks from the conservative flocks studied is valuable from the consumer's point of view.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of physical and qualitative traits of meat of two Polish conservative flocks of ducks

Kisiel

Ksiazkiewicz

2004

Self Cite

“…Consequently, the main aim in duck-breeding is to improve musculature (PINGEL and JUNG, 1979;PINGEL and HEIMPOLD, 1983;SHAHIN et al, 2000;KSIĄŻKIEWICZ, 2003). Ducks from paternal pedigree strain A44 are selected in order to increase their musculature and decrease fatness (MARUYAMA et al, 1999;MAZANOWSKI et al, 2001;WAWRO et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue composition of carcass, meat quality and fatty acid content of ducks of a commercial breeding line at different age

Witak

2008

Composition of carcasses and meat quality were investigated in ducks from A44 strain from the 7 th to 9 th week of life. Drakes and ducks in the 8 th and 9 th week of age were characterized by significantly higher dressing percentage and better musculature than in the 7 th week. Fatness of drakes and ducks carcasses significantly increased in the 8 th and 9 th week of rearing and the meat : fat ratios were similar to the results obtained in ducks of the 7 th week of age. Basing on pH values, faulty meat of PSE and DFD was not found. Protein and fat contents in breast and leg muscles of ducks in the tested periods of rearing indicated significantly higher nutrition value of A44 ducks' meat in the 9 th than in the 7 th and 8 th week of age. The fatty acid profile analysis for ducks' muscles and fat showed that the tissues had a relatively good nutritive and processing value as regard higher unsaturated than saturated fatty acid content and high content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids. Better PUFA n-6/n-3 ratios in breast muscles and skin with subcutaneous fat than in leg muscles and abdominal fat were found.Keywords: duck, muscles, fatness, meat quality, fatty acids Zusammenfassung Titel der Arbeit: Schlachtkörperzusammensetzung, Fleischqualität und Fettsäuremuster bei Enten mit unterschiedlichem Alter Untersucht wurden die Schlachtkörperzusammensetzung, die Fleischqualität und das Fettsäuremuster einzelner Körpergewebe von Enten im Alter von 7, 8 und 9 Wochen. Die Tiere gehörten zum Zuchtstamm A44 von Peking Enten. Erpel und Enten im Alter von 8 und 9 Wochen erreichten ein höheres Schlachtgewicht und eine bessere Bemuskelung als die 7 Wochen alten Tiere. Die Verfettung des Schlachtkörpers bei Erpeln und Enten erhöhte sich signifikant in der 8. Aufzuchtwoche um 4,1 % und in der 9. um 2,8 %. Das Verhältnis Fleisch zu Fett war jedoch ähnlich wie bei den 7 Wochen alten Tieren. Basierend auf den pH-Werten fanden sich keine Anzeichen für PSE oder DFD. Die 9 Wochen alten Enten zeigten wesentlich bessere Eiweiß-und Fettgehalte und damit Nährwerte in den Brust-und Schenkelmuskeln als die 7 bzw. 8 Wochen alten Tiere. Das Fettsäureprofil der Muskel-und Fettgewebe wies bei diesen relativ gute Gesundheits-und Verwertungswerte auf, was durch einen höheren Anteil ungesättigter gegenüber gesättigten Fettsäuren sowie einen hohen Anteil von Öl-und Linolsäure begründet war. Das bessere PUFA Verhältnis n-6/n-3 fand sich im Brustmuskel und in der Haut mit subkutanem Fett im Vergleich zum Schenkelmuskel und Bauchfett.

“…These conservative flocks can be used in the development of new breeding and experimental strains and synthetic lines as well as in the search for heterosis effects in commercial sets (Książkiewicz 2003). The world's genetic resources conservation programme currently includes 14 Polish geese populations (varieties) maintained in Poland: Biłgorajska, Zatorska, Garbonosa, Kartuska, Kielecka, Lubelska, Podkarpacka, Pomorska, Rypińska, Suwalska, Słowacka, Romańska, Kubańska and Landes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue of indigenous Polish geese breeds

Okruszek

2012

The aim of the study was to compare the fatty acid profile in lipids of breast and leg muscles as well as in adipose tissue of 24-week-old Rypińska (n=20) and Garbonosa (n=20) geese from unique indigenous conservation flocks, maintained using the in situ method at the Research Station of Waterfowl Genetic Resources in Dworzyska, belonging to the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Krakow, Poland. The geese from both flocks were fed ad libitum by the same complete feed: until the 6th week of age which contained: 19.0 % crude protein, 4.0 % crude fat, 3.5 % fibre and up to 12.0 MJ metabolisable energy, and laterfrom the 7th to the 24th week of age up to 17.0 % crude protein, 3.0 % crude fat, 5.0 % crude fibre and 11.3 MJ metabolisable energy per 1.0 kg of feed.On the basis of carried experiment it was stated, that the lipids of breast muscles of Garbonosa geese contained less saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (without C 14:0) and more the C 20:4 n-6 (6.96 % vs. 6.36 %), C 20:5 n-3 -eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.16 % vs. 1.10 %), C 22:4 n-6 (0.69 % vs. 0.64 %) and C 22:6 n-3 -docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (0.44 % vs. 0.38 %) than in Rypińska, whereas in lipids of leg muscles of Rypińska there was a higher level of C 14:0 (0.53 % vs. 0.50 %), C 18:1 cis-9 (37.64 % vs. 37.33 %), C 18:2 n-6 (16.26 % vs. 15.97 %) and α C 18:3 n-3 (0.83 % vs. 0.80 %) and lower of C 20:4 n-6 (7.63 % vs. 7.79 %) as well as C 20:5 n-3 -EPA (1.49 % vs 1.51 %) compared to the Garbonosa geese flock. The higher concentration of C 14:0, C 16:0, C 16:1 trans-9, α C 18:3 n-3, and lower concentration (P≤0.01) of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in both flocks was found out in lipids of breast than leg muscles. The adipose tissue of Rypińska was characterised by higher (P≤0.01) content of C 14:0 (by 0.12 %), C 16:0 (by 1.75 %), C 16:1 cis-9 (by 0.78 %) and lower (P≤0.01) content of C 18:1 cis -9 (by 2.8 %), C 18:2 n-6 (by 1.48 %) and C 20:4 n-6 (by 0.19 %) compared to Garbonosa geese.