Comparison of resting metabolic rate prediction equations in college-aged adults

Abstract

Prediction equations have been considered an accurate method for estimating resting metabolic rate (RMR) across multiple populations, but their accuracy for college-aged individuals not on an athletics team remains to be determined. Sixty-two college-aged (18 - 30 yrs.) males (n = 31) and females (n = 31) had their RMR measured (RMRm), using indirect calorimetry, and body composition assessed via air-displacement plethysmography. The World Health Organization (WHO), Mifflin-St Jeor (Mifflin), Harris-Benedict (HB), Cunningham, and Nelson equations were used to estimate RMR. No difference was observed between the Cunningham and RMRm regardless of sex (p≥0.05). All other prediction equations estimated a significantly lower RMR for males (p<0.05). The Mifflin and Nelson equations predicted an RMR that was significantly lower than RMRm for females (p<0.05). When compared to RMRm, no difference was detected for females using the WHO, HB, or Cunningham (p≥0.05). Only the Nelson equation predicted an RMR that was outside of the clinically acceptable range (±10% of RMRm) regardless of sex. The Cunningham, WHO, and HB equations can accurately predict RMR for college-aged males and females. RMR prediction equations used in this study are less accurate for those with greater RMRs. 
 Key Findings:
 • For adults 18-30 years old that are not on an athletics team, the Cunningham equation can accurately predict RMR.
 • The Nelson equation should not be used to predict RMR for this population.
 • There is a systemic bias for RMR prediction equations to underestimate higher measured RMR values.