“…In one study by Pesonen-Leinonen et al (2006b), contact angles provided tentative relationships between the surface characteristics, such as wettability and surface free energy, and the cleanability of plastic surfaces. Poulis et al 1993, Larson et al 2003, Kuisma et al 2005a, Aycicek et al 2006, Redsven et al 2007 Colorimetric Semi-quantitative. Suitable for field and laboratory studies Pitts et al 1998, Williamsson 1999, Tenorio Cavalcante et al 2004, Dondi et al 2005, Kuisma et al 2005a, Kuisma et al 2005b Optical methods (near infrared optical range) Semi-quantitative.…”