Comparison of saliva with oral and nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection on various commercial and laboratory‐developed assays

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The Abbott ID NOW™ COVID-19 assay has been shown as a reliable and sensitive alternative to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing from nasopharyngeal or nasal samples in symptomatic patients. Water gargle is an acceptable noninvasive alternative specimen for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection by RT-PCR. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of water gargle samples for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the ID NOW. Residual gargle samples were randomly selected among positive standard of care (SOC)-nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) samples. For testing on ID NOW, the manufacturer's instructions were followed, except for the specimen addition step: 500 µl of the gargle specimen was added to the blue sample receiver with a pipette and gently mixed. Among the 202 positive samples by SOC-NAAT, 185 were positive by ID NOW (positive percent agreement [PPA]) = 91.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.9−95.0). For the 17 discordant samples, cycle threshold (C t ) values were all ≥31.0. The PPA was significantly lower among asymptomatic patients (84.4%; 95% CI: 73.2−92.3) versus symptomatic patients (95.2%; 95% CI: 89.8−98.2). The performance of the ID NOW for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection on gargle samples is excellent when C t values are <31.0 and for patients that have COVID-19 compatible symptoms.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of water gargle samples for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection using Abbott ID NOW COVID‐19 assay

Labbé

2022

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“…Less invasive and self‐collected specimens, such as saliva or gargle, have been proposed for COVID‐19 diagnostic purposes. Systematic reviews on the sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing using saliva revealed a good sensitivity as well as important drawbacks limiting its use, such as specimen viscosity and the inability of some individuals to produce sufficient quantity for testing 4–6 . There have been less publications using gargle as an alternative specimen for SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic 7–12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural spring water gargle samples as an alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection using a laboratory‐developed test

Paré

Bestman-Smith

Fafard

et al. 2021

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The objective of this study was to validate the use of spring water gargle (SWG) as an alternative to oral and nasopharyngeal swab (ONPS) for SARS-CoV-2 detection with a laboratory-developed test. Healthcare workers and adults from the general population, presenting to one of two COVID-19 screening clinics in Montréal and Québec City, were prospectively recruited to provide a gargle sample in addition to the standard ONPS. The paired specimens were analyzed using thermal lysis followed by a laboratory-developed nucleic acid amplification test (LD-NAAT) to detect SARS-CoV-2, and comparative performance analysis was performed. An individual was considered infected if a positive result was obtained on either sample. A total of 1297 adult participants were recruited. Invalid results (n = 18) were excluded from the analysis. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 144/1279 (11.3%) participants: 126 from both samples, 15 only from ONPS, and 3 only from SWG. Overall, the sensitivity was 97.9% (95% CI: 93.7-99.3) for ONPS and 89.6% (95% CI: 83.4-93.6; p = 0.005) for SWG. The mean ONPS cycle threshold (C t ) value was significantly lower for the concordant paired samples as compared to discordant ones (22.9 vs. 32.1;

“…The collection of this sample, although is not painful, is very unpleasant and irritating for the patient and represents a risk for the spread of the virus as respiratory secretions are the main route of infection. 8 Therefore, to avoid patient discomfort as well as a duplicate exposure of the healthcare personnel, the objective of this study has been to study the possibility of using a single nasopharyngeal swab to perform both the Ag test and RT-PCR analysis when it is considered necessary. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of SARS‐CoV‐2 antigen test sample as input for SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR analysis

García-Salguero

Culebras

Merino

et al. 2021

SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid detection is of great interest to prevent viral dissemination. In that sense, antigen tests appeared as a very valuable tool to reach this goal. However, it is possible to obtain a negative result in those patients with low viral loads, and consequently, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) should be performed on samples from patients with a negative antigen test in which there is a strong suspicion of COVID infection. The common diagnostic algorithm involves taking a second sample for RT‐PCR testing. This study evaluates the usefulness of the antigen test sample for carrying out RT‐PCR analysis when necessary. Results obtained indicate that can be used a unique sample for both antigen test and RT‐PCR. This data showed that it is possible to reduce excessive suspected individuals managing and so on increase staff security and patient comfort.