Comparison of <scp>GPU</scp> reconstruction based on different symmetries for dual‐head <scp>PET</scp>

Meng, Fanqing; Wang, Jianxun; Zhu, Sencun; Cheng, Jian; Liang, Jimin; Tian, Jie

doi:10.1002/mp.13529

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Other authors have benefited from MC methods to reproduce the SRM with long simulations. In this case, the SRM may be determined as an explicit matrix of probabilities relating to each voxel-LOR pair [199][200][201][202][203]. Since these matrices require high loads of memory storage, symmetries and SRM sparsity have been exploited to reduce the SRM size.…”

Section: Iterative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iterative methods are computationally intensive compared with the FBP, since each iteration requires a forward projection and a backward projection operation, whereas in FBP this step is performed only once. Nevertheless, nowadays computer power and GPU parallel computing allow for routine image reconstruction with iterative methods in short computation time [203,[249][250][251].…”

Section: Jinst 19 C01001mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in combined Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Galve,

Rodriguez-Vila,

Herraiz

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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Hybrid imaging modalities combine two or more medical imaging techniques offering exciting new possibilities to image the structure, function and biochemistry of the human body in far greater detail than has previously been possible to improve patient diagnosis. In this context, simultaneous Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance (PET/MR) imaging offers great complementary information, but it also poses challenges from the point of view of hardware and software compatibility. The PET signal may interfere with the MR magnetic field and vice-versa, posing several challenges and constrains in the PET instrumentation for PET/MR systems. Additionally, anatomical maps are needed to properly apply attenuation and scatter corrections to the resulting reconstructed PET images, as well motion estimates to minimize the effects of movement throughout the acquisition. In this review, we summarize the instrumentation implemented in modern PET scanners to overcome these limitations, describing the historical development of hybrid PET/MR scanners. We pay special attention to the methods used in PET to achieve attenuation, scatter and motion correction when it is combined with MR, and how both imaging modalities may be combined in PET image reconstruction algorithms.

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Section: Iterative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jinst 19 C01001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in combined Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Galve,

Rodriguez-Vila,

Herraiz

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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“…For the opposite detector heads, the geometric symmetries have been addressed and applied in dual-head PET systems [22,25], and they are tremendously helpful for reducing the storage scale of the SRM. In this study, we apply the shift-invariant property and mirror-invariant property to the quad-head PET system.…”

Section: Symmetries Of the Opposite Detector Headsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SRM is 29, which is more than three times the ratio of SRM size (8.17). This is because the symmetric application is related to the judgment statements in GPU programming [25]. More symmetric judgments lead to an increase in the calculation time.…”

Section: Jinst 15 P12015mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we all know, the MC-based SRM can be regarded as a gold standard for modeling photon propagation, but it is often associated with high computational complexity [35][36][37]37]. In our previous work [5,38], we have spent approximate one month to obtain an MC-based SRM for a dual-head PET system on a workstation with the environment of Ubuntu 14.04, 64 GB RAM and double Intel Xeon Processor E5-2660 v2 (25 MB Cache, 2.20 GHz, 10 cores 20 threading). Each detector head of the dual-head PET system has the same configurations as the detector head described in section 3.1.…”

Section: Jinst 15 P12015mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model construction of photon propagation based on the geometrical symmetries and GPU technology for the quad-head PET system

Meng¹,

Cheng²,

Li³

et al. 2020

J. Inst.

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Compact quad-head PET systems have been developed by many researchers. This compact configuration leads to depth of interaction (DOI) blurring, which greatly reduces the quality of the reconstructed image. How to accurately model the photon propagation is the key to relieving DOI blurring. In this study, photon propagation is modelled by using the multi-ray method. As we all know, the precision of the multi-ray model is proportional to its computational complexity. Focusing on this problem, we have developed the symmetries of the quad-head PET system according to the different structural features of the opposite and adjacent detector heads. Given all the symmetrical properties, the construction of the photon propagation model becomes a trade-off between the calculation precision and computational complexity of the multi-ray method. In addition, when photon propagation is stored in the system response matrix (SRM), the storage cost is also reduced largely. In the proposed quad-head PET system, the SRM is compressed about 559 times, and the matrix scale is approximately 1.7 GB. The calculation of the SRM can be finished in 60 s when the graphics processing unit (GPU) acceleration technology is adopted. In order to verify the imaging performances, several simulated experiments are carried out. The metrics FWHM, location accuracy, Contrast Recovery (CR), and Coefficient of Variation (COV) are adopted to quantify the imaging results. We find that the mean location difference can reach 1.29% based on a simulated multi-spheres experiment. Through this experiment, the FWHMs can reach to about 1.0 mm in the center or close to the edge of the field of view (FOV). In the image quality experiment, the CR can up to 0.95 in the hot region, and the COV reaches 5.82% in the background region.

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Efficient image reconstruction for a small animal PET system with dual‐layer‐offset detector design

Cheng,

Lyu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Medical Physics

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BackgroundA compact PET/SPECT/CT system Inliview‐3000B has been developed to provide multi‐modality information on small animals for biomedical research. Its PET subsystem employed a dual‐layer‐offset detector design for depth‐of‐interaction capability and higher detection efficiency, but the irregular design caused some difficulties in calculating the normalization factors and the sensitivity map. Besides, the relatively larger (2 mm) crystal cross‐section size also posed a challenge to high‐resolution image reconstruction.PurposeWe present an efficient image reconstruction method to achieve high imaging performance for the PET subsystem of Inliview‐3000B.MethodsList mode reconstruction with efficient system modeling was used for the PET imaging. We adopt an on‐the‐fly multi‐ray tracing method with random crystal sampling to model the solid angle, crystal penetration and object attenuation effect, and modify the system response model during each iteration to improve the reconstruction performance and computational efficiency. We estimate crystal efficiency with a novel iterative approach that combines measured cylinder phantom data with simulated line‐of‐response (LOR)‐based factors for normalization correction before reconstruction. Since it is necessary to calculate normalization factors and the sensitivity map, we stack the two crystal layers together and extend the conventional data organization method here to index all useful LORs. Simulations and experiments were performed to demonstrate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method.ResultsSimulation results showed that the iterative algorithm for crystal efficiency estimation could achieve good accuracy. NEMA image quality phantom studies have demonstrated the superiority of random sampling, which is able to achieve good imaging performance with much less computation than traditional uniform sampling. In the spatial resolution evaluation based on the mini‐Derenzo phantom, 1.1 mm hot rods could be identified with the proposed reconstruction method. Reconstruction of double mice and a rat showed good spatial resolution and a high signal‐to‐noise ratio, and organs with higher uptake could be recognized well.ConclusionThe results validated the superiority of introducing randomness into reconstruction, and demonstrated its reliability for high‐performance imaging. The Inliview‐3000B PET subsystem with the proposed image reconstruction can provide rich and detailed information on small animals for preclinical research.

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Comparison of GPU reconstruction based on different symmetries for dual‐head PET

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Recent advances in combined Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Recent advances in combined Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Model construction of photon propagation based on the geometrical symmetries and GPU technology for the quad-head PET system

Efficient image reconstruction for a small animal PET system with dual‐layer‐offset detector design

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