Comparison of serological tests and faecal culture for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle and analysis of the antigens involved

Reichel, Michael P.; Kittelberger, Reinhold; Penrose, M.; Meynell, R; Cousins, Debby; Ellis, T.M.; Mutharia, Lucy M.; Sugden, E A; Johns, Andrea H; Lisle, Geoffrey W. de

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(98)00311-3

Cited by 51 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Serologybased tests are low in costs, rapid and highly sensitive in subclinical and clinically infected animals (shedding large numbers of MAP in their blood, milk and faeces) (Maroudam et al 2015). Different methods such as complement fixation test (CFT) (Morris & Stevens 1977;Maroudam et al 2015), agar gel immune-diffusion (AGID) Reichel et al 1999;Gumber et al 2006) and ELISA (Reichel et al 1999;Collins 2002;Gumber et al 2006;Maroudam et al 2015) can be employed in serology (diagnostic identification of anti-MAP antibodies in serum) or antibody-based detection of MAP infection (detection of MAP in clinical samples using anti-MAP antibodies). Of these tests, AGID has a high specificity, which can reach up to 100% but the sensitivity is lesser than ELISA (RobbeAusterman et al 2006;Alvarez et al 2015).…”

Section: Serology-based Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removal of cross-reacting antibodies by absorbing sera with Mycobacterium phlei has improved the specificity of ELISA (Yokomizo et al 1983). Some studies have reported 98.8% (Cox et al 1991), 99.7% (Reichel et al 1999) and 97.4% (Eda et al 2006) specificity, but it compromises with assay sensitivity. In general, highest sensitivity of serological tests have been recorded in animals with clinical signs of the disease since presence of antibodies is higher in the later stages of infection (Sweeney et al 1995;Nielsen & Toft 2008).…”

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock

Chaubey

Gupta

et al. 2016

Veterinary Quarterly

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Paratuberculosis (pTB) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. Control of pTB is difficult due to the lack of sensitive, efficacious and cost-effective diagnostics and marker vaccines. Microscopy, culture, and PCR have been used for the screening of MAP infection in animals for quite a long time. Besides, giving variable sensitivity and specificity, these tests have not been considered ideal for large-scale screening of domestic livestock. Serological tests like ELISA easily detects anti-MAP antibodies. However, it cannot differentiate between the vaccinated and infected animals. Nanotechnology-based diagnostic tests are underway to improve the sensitivity and specificity. Newer generation diagnostic tests based on recombinant MAP secretory proteins would open new paradigm for the differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals and for early detection of the infection. Due to higher seroreactivity of secretory proteins vis-a-vis cellular proteins, the secretory proteins may be used as marker vaccine, which may aid in the control of pTB infection in animals. Secretory proteins can be potentially used to develop future diagnostics, surveillance and monitoring of the disease progression in animals and the marker vaccine for the control and eradication of pTB.

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Section: Serology-based Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock

Chaubey

Gupta

et al. 2016

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…AGID could achieve a specificity of 100%, but is less sensitive than ELISA (12). ELISAs are more sensitive than CF and AGID, since they are capable of detecting antibodies at low concentrations (53).…”

Section: Serological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paratuberculosis: an update

Lilenbaum¹,

Marassi²,

Oelemann³

2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Paratuberculosis is a chronic enteritis that affects ruminants and is caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (Map). The disease is worldwide spread and causes important economic losses. In Brazil, the bacillus was isolated in the south and northeast regions of the country and in Rio de Janeiro, but there are no enough epidemiological studies about its occurrence. Isolation of Map from tissues or fecal samples is 100% specific, but Map shows the most fastidious growth of all mycobacteria. Incubation lasts 8 -12 weeks, with a dependency on exogenous mycobactin J. Diagnostic tests based on specific DNA sequences allow fast and secure identification, and PCR has been used to confirm positive culture results and to identify Map in feces, milk and tissues. The most frequently used target sequences are the gene encoding the 16S rRNA, and the insertion element IS900. Serological assays are widely used for the herd diagnosis of the disease. A commercial ELISA with M. phlei pre-adsorption step achieves a specificity of 95.4% to 99% and a sensitivity of about 45%. Until now, there is no effective treatment for ill animals and control programs are based on managing procedures of herds and culling of symptomatic animals. In Brazil, paratuberculosis was recently identified and has been demonstrated even in autochthonous closed herds. Therefore, it is essential to perform an epidemiological national research and to investigate the economic impact of the disease in our herds. These results could promote a control program of paratuberculosis adapted to the Brazilian requirements.

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“…As shedding of bacilli at levels detectable by fecal culture is irregular and does not occur during the early stages of infection, serological assays could be used as an early diagnostic test for its high sensitivity and capability to identify infected herd at this stage. The antibody levels against Map became detectable before shedding of the microorganism in the majority of animals (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The disease is characterized by chronic intermittent diarrhea with bacillary excretion. It progresses through several stages and, in the majority of cases, takes several years to manifest itself with clinical signs (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of an in-house and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of paratuberculosis

Marassi

Gonzaga

Ristow

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Comparison of serological tests and faecal culture for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle and analysis of the antigens involved

Cited by 51 publications

References 23 publications

Trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock

Trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock

Paratuberculosis: an update

Comparison of an in-house and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of paratuberculosis

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