Comparison of Serum Fibronectin, Prealbumin, and Albumin Concentrations During Nutritional Repletion in Protein-Calorie Malnourished Infants

Yöder, Mervin C.; Anderson, Donald C.; Gopalakrishna, G. S.; Douglas, Steven D.; Polin, Richard A.

doi:10.1097/00005176-198701000-00015

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…With the nutrition, the albumin concentration increased slightly, though significantly, coinciding with findings in some studies in adults [34,35]. Albumin is not a good serial nutritional indicator as it has a Stress index0/(urea nitrogen-ingested nitrogen))/0.5'/3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The effect of enteral nutrition on nutritional status in the critically ill child

Sánchez

López‐Herce

García

et al. 2005

Clinical Intensive Care

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Objective. To assess the nutritional status of critically ill children and its modification after enteral nutrition. Design. Prospective observational study. Setting. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital. Subjects. 42 critically ill children with mechanical ventilation. Interventions. At least four days of enteral nutrition. Endpoints. Change of nutritional status. Measurements and main results. Anthropometric [weight, height, cephalic circumference, skin fold thickness and nutritional indices], and biochemical [full blood count, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, fibronectine, transferrin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, nitrogen balance, and calculation of the height/creatinine index and of the stress index] nutritional assessment was carried out before starting the enteral nutrition, after 4 to 7 days, at 14 days, at 21 days and at the end of treatment. Prior to starting the nutrition, 54% presented a weight below the 3rd centile. No significant changes were observed in the anthropometric parameters after enteral nutrition. In the biochemical parameters, significant increases were observed in total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, cholesterol and triglycerides, whereas the blood glucose, fatty acids and nitrogen balance did not alter. The transpyloric enteral nutrition was well tolerated. No relationship was found between any of the nutritional parameters and tolerance to the nutrition or mortality. Conclusions. A significant percentage of critically ill children present with malnutrition. The serum concentrations of total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, cholesterol and triglycerides are more sensitive nutritional parameters than the anthropometric parameters or the nitrogen balance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The effect of enteral nutrition on nutritional status in the critically ill child

Sánchez

López‐Herce

García

et al. 2005

Clinical Intensive Care

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“…Results for α-1-antitrysin were inconsistent [128]. So-called negative acute phase proteins like transferrin [94] [130], α-2-HS-glycoprotein [135], fibronectin [133] [138] and pre-albumin [122] [138]–[139] were consistently reduced in malnourished children, even without infections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune System in Children with Malnutrition—A Systematic Review

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMalnourished children have increased risk of dying, with most deaths caused by infectious diseases. One mechanism behind this may be impaired immune function. However, this immune deficiency of malnutrition has not previously been systematically reviewed.ObjectivesTo review the scientific literature about immune function in children with malnutrition.MethodsA systematic literature search was done in PubMed, and additional articles identified in reference lists and by correspondence with experts in the field. The inclusion criteria were studies investigating immune parameters in children aged 1–60 months, in relation to malnutrition, defined as wasting, underweight, stunting, or oedematous malnutrition.ResultsThe literature search yielded 3402 articles, of which 245 met the inclusion criteria. Most were published between 1970 and 1990, and only 33 after 2003. Malnutrition is associated with impaired gut-barrier function, reduced exocrine secretion of protective substances, and low levels of plasma complement. Lymphatic tissue, particularly the thymus, undergoes atrophy, and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses are reduced. Levels of antibodies produced after vaccination are reduced in severely malnourished children, but intact in moderate malnutrition. Cytokine patterns are skewed towards a Th2-response. Other immune parameters seem intact or elevated: leukocyte and lymphocyte counts are unaffected, and levels of immunoglobulins, particularly immunoglobulin A, are high. The acute phase response appears intact, and sometimes present in the absence of clinical infection. Limitations to the studies include their observational and often cross-sectional design and frequent confounding by infections in the children studied.ConclusionThe immunological alterations associated with malnutrition in children may contribute to increased mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms are still inadequately understood, as well as why different types of malnutrition are associated with different immunological alterations. Better designed prospective studies are needed, based on current understanding of immunology and with state-of-the-art methods.

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“…Serum albumin has traditionally been a basic measure of protein nutritional status as it is usually decreased in protein malnourished patients (25). However, the relatively long half-life of 20 days limits its usefulness (26), and serum albumin differences were not expected in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…However, the relatively long half-life of 20 days limits its usefulness (26), and serum albumin differences were not expected in the present study. Other specific proteins that have been used for assessment of protein nutritional status include prealbumin and transfemn (25,27). Prealbumin is a rapidly synthesized protein with a biologic half-life of 48 h (25) and considered to be a negative acute phase reactant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other specific proteins that have been used for assessment of protein nutritional status include prealbumin and transfemn (25,27). Prealbumin is a rapidly synthesized protein with a biologic half-life of 48 h (25) and considered to be a negative acute phase reactant. The concentrations of prealbumin and transferrin in plasma in all infants in this study were within the normal levels for the age group (20,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formula with Reduced Protein Content: Effects on Growth and Protein Metabolism during Weaning

1988

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ABSTRACT. A total of 20 healthy term infants between 4 and 6 months of age were randomly assigned to either a low protein formula (F1.3) containing 1.3 g protein/100 ml or a high protein formula (F1.8) containing 1.8 g protein/ 100 ml. Both formulas were isocaloric (72 kca1/100 ml) and had a whey-casein ratio of 50:50. Ten control infants were breast-fed (BF). The mean protein intakes (including supplementary foods) were 1.9 + 0.3,2.6 + 0.2, and 1.3 f 0.2 g/kg/day, respectively. The mean concentrations of serum urea were 2.8 + 0.6 (F1.3), 4.1 + 0.6 (F1.8), and 2.2 f 0.8 mmol/liter (BF) at 6 months (F1.3 versus BF, NS, F1.8 versus BF, p < 0.001). The urine excretion of nitrogen was similar in the F1.3 and BF groups being 81 and 78 mg/kg/day. In the Fl.&group nitrogen excretion was higher, 138 mg/kg/day. Plasma concentrations of albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin were normal and similar in the groups. Weight gain was significantly higher in the F1.8 group, 22.8 + 1.7 g/kg/wk when compared to the F1.3 and BF groups, 19.9 +: 3.9 and 18.0 + 4.3 (p < 0.01), respectively. These data indicate that a decreased proteinintake from formula during weaning results in many indices of protein metabolism and growth more similar to those found in BF infants than when conventional follow-up formulas are used. (Pediatr Res 24: 297-301, 1988) Abbreviations F1.8, high protein formula F1.3, low protein formula BF, breast-fed

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Comparison of Serum Fibronectin, Prealbumin, and Albumin Concentrations During Nutritional Repletion in Protein-Calorie Malnourished Infants

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of enteral nutrition on nutritional status in the critically ill child

The effect of enteral nutrition on nutritional status in the critically ill child

The Immune System in Children with Malnutrition—A Systematic Review

Formula with Reduced Protein Content: Effects on Growth and Protein Metabolism during Weaning

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