Comparison of seven indicator PCBs and three coplanar PCBs in beef, pork, and chicken fat

Kim, MeeKyung; Kim, Soo-Yeon; Yun, Seonjong; Lee, Myoung-Heon; Cho, Byung-Hoon; Park, Jongmyung; Son, Seong-Wan; Kim, Ok‐Kyung

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.10.044

Cited by 66 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The findings in this study are limited by the relatively low number of samples in the different food categories. Nevertheless, others also reported higher PCB-28 levels in chicken compared to pork suggesting that the bioaccumulation level might be related to the life span of the animals (Kim et al, 2004). The smallest contribution was found for PCB 52 (between 1% and 10%) and PCB 101 (between 4% and 14%; Fig.…”

Section: Levels Of R 6 Pcbs In Austrian Foodmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of different population groups in Austria

et al. 2015

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Section: Levels Of R 6 Pcbs In Austrian Foodmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of different population groups in Austria

et al. 2015

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“…PCB138 was also reported (Vinggaard et al 2000) to act in vitro as a weak antiandrogen. The other five compounds mentioned above are also considered to be toxic to humans, a fact well documented in the literature (e.g., Walker et al 1998;Willett et al 1998;To-Figueras et al 2000;Kim et al 2004). In any case, investigations are needed to ascertain further the adverse effects of exposure to these (and other) POPs for newborns, especially at these levels ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransfer of persistent organic pollutants from a large site in China used for the disassembly of electronic and electrical waste

Zhao

Han

et al. 2006

Environ Geochem Health

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Samples of groundwater, river water, river sediment, paddy soil, rice seeds, hen eggs, fish, umbilical cord blood, and newborn meconium were collected from October 2002 to October 2003 near a large site in China used for the disassembly of obsolete transformers and other electronic or electrical waste. Six indicator PCB congeners, three non-ortho dioxin-like PCB congeners, and six organochlorine pesticides were determined in the samples by GC with electron capture detector. The results demonstrated that the local environment and edible foods had been seriously polluted by toxic PCBs and organochlorine pesticides. The actual daily intakes (ADIs) of these pollutants were estimated for local residents living in the area. The intake data showed that the contents of PCBs in these local residents were substantial, as the ADI estimates greatly exceed the reference doses set by the World Health Organization and the United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. The presence of the indicator PCB congeners in the cord blood and the meconium samples, as well as significant correlations (r 2 > 0.80, p < 0.05) between these levels, suggests a potential biotransfer of these indicators from mothers to their newborns. This preliminary study showed that obsolete transformers and other electronic or electrical waste can be an important source for the emission of persistent organic pollutants into the local environment, such as through leakage, evaporation, runoff, and leaching. Contamination from this source appears to have reached the level considered to be a serious threat to environmental and human health around the disassembly site.

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“…It is also known that animal products like meat (Vartiainen and Hallkainen 1994), fish, milk and milk products (Schmid et al 2003) or bovine adipose tissue and hen's eggs are the main contributors to human dioxin exposure in adults (Vartiainen and Hallkainen 1994;Parzefall 2002;Kim et al 2004) and contribute largely to the human burden, as PCDD/Fs are bioaccumulated because of their lipophilicity and their low biodegradability (De Fré and Wevers 1998;Liem 1999;Focant et al 2002;Ryan et al 1987;Fernandes et al 2004). Irigaray et al (2005) on the base of results suggested the risk of a strong increase of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in blood induced by lipolysis for animals or humans previously exposed to this dioxin.…”

Section: Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

Srogi

2007

Environ Chem Lett

180

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The term ''dioxins'' is often used in a confusing way. In toxicological considerations-and also in the present report-the term is used to designate the PCDDs, the PCDFs and the coplanar (''dioxin-like'') PCBs, since these classes of compounds show the same type of toxicity. Because of the large number of congeners, relevant individual congeners are assigned with a toxic equivalency factor (TEF) that relate their toxicity to that of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (2,3,7,8-TCDD) and are to be evaluated as dioxins. Each concentration of an individual congener in a mixture is multiplied with its TEF, and the resulting TCDD equivalents are added up and expressed as WHO-endorsed toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQ). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are mainly the by-products of industrial processes (such as metallurgical processing, bleaching of paper pulp, and the manufacturing of some herbicides and pesticides) but they can also result from natural processes like volcanic eruptions and forest fires. Waste incineration, particularly if combustion is incomplete, is among the largest contributors to the release of PCDDs and PCDFs into the environment. Due to their persistence, PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs are part of the socalled persistent organic pollutants group of compounds that also include some chlorinated pesticides. Since they have a high lipophilicity and resist transformation, they bio-accumulate in animal and human adipose tissues. Consumption of food is considered as the major source of non-occupational human exposure to PCDD/Fs with foodstuffs from animal origin accounting for more than 90% of the human body burden. With meat, dairy, and fish products being the main contributors. The aim of the present review was to summarize experimental data regarding dioxin emissions from contaminated and uncontaminated biological and environmental samples, from the available literature. The information will be presented chronologically with respect to distribution in human milk, serum; food, water, air, soils and sediments.

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Comparison of seven indicator PCBs and three coplanar PCBs in beef, pork, and chicken fat

Cited by 66 publications

References 24 publications

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of different population groups in Austria

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of different population groups in Austria

Biotransfer of persistent organic pollutants from a large site in China used for the disassembly of electronic and electrical waste

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

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