Comparison of six sonographic signs in the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida

D’Addario, Vincenzo; Rossi, A. Cristina; Pinto, Vincenzo; Pintucci, Armando; Cagno, Luca Di

doi:10.1515/jpm.2008.052

Cited by 38 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has been theorized that the developing frontal bones may be the most susceptible part of the cranium to this effect, resulting in the abnormal shape [20,21]. The lemon sign has been described in affected fetuses with MMC as early as 13 weeks, in 50-90% before 24 weeks, but only in 13% after 24 weeks [21,22,23]. In cases monitored with serial sonographic examinations, the frontal concavity has been observed to resolve after the second trimester, presumably due to further ossification and strengthening of the calvarium later in gestation [21,24].…”

Section: Cranial Findings In Spinal Dysraphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Diagnostic Features of Spina Bifida: The Role of Ultrasound

Coleman

Langer

Horii³

2014

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Myelomeningocele (MMC) is one of the most devastating, nonlethal congenital anomalies worldwide. The live birth prevalence of MMC changed dramatically in the 1980s with the introduction of maternal serum screening and the widespread use of prenatal ultrasound imaging. The high-resolution ultrasound affordable today with state-of-the-art equipment allows us to make a very accurate diagnosis of MMC, including details related to the entire fetal central nervous system. Ultrasound can accurately localize the site of the osseous and soft tissue defects. Congenital spinal defects can be characterized definitively as open or closed, which are treated very differently with in utero repair, which is done in some cases, compared to only conservative follow-up with postnatal therapy for occult defects. Additional findings of kyphosis, scoliosis and anomalous vertebrate and associated conditions such as cervical syrinx can be identified. The state of the intracranial structures, including the presence or absence of ventriculomegaly and hindbrain herniation, as well as unexpected complications such as intracranial hemorrhage can be diagnosed. The severity of neurological compromise in some fetuses can be estimated by detailed examination of the lower extremities. As well as searching for talipes, we also now routinely characterize flexion and extension motions at the hip, knee and ankle joints. The information provided by ultrasound plays a crucial role, now more than ever, in patient counseling and pregnancy management. This article emphasizes how we utilize ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with suspected MMC at the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

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Section: Cranial Findings In Spinal Dysraphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ventriculomegaly (VM) has been reported to occur in 70-90% of fetuses with SB [17,18,19,21,23] and is diagnosed when the atria of the lateral cerebral ventricles measure >10 mm in diameter on an axial view of the fetal head obtained at the level of the thalami [26] (fig. 20).…”

Section: Cranial Findings In Spinal Dysraphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Features of Spina Bifida: The Role of Ultrasound

Coleman

Langer

Horii³

2014

Fetal Diagn Ther

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“…The hemispheres wrap the brain stem and gain a "C" shape (banana sign). On longitudinal sonography just as open spinal and skin defects of spina bifida may be seen, expansion of the spinal canal diameter and increased interpeduncular distance may be identified [3].…”

Section: Banana Signmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may accompany encephalocele, Dandy-Walker malformation with encephalocele, cystic hygroma, diaphragmatic hernia, corpus callosum agenesis, fetal hydrops, umbilical vein varices and double-vein cord anomalies. When the lemon sign is present cranial findings such as ventriculomegaly, microcephaly, obliteration of the cisterna magna, compression of the cerebellar hemispheres and ventral-directed orientation (banana sign) should be investigated and the vertebral column requires careful evaluation [3,4].…”

Section: Lemon Signmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signs on Obstetric Ultrasound Images in the Second Trimester

Uysal¹

2016

Ann Clin Anal Med

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“…Spinal sonography is usually not possible after the age of 6 months except in cases of a persistent posterior spinal defect; in such cases, sonography may be performed at any age. 5 Diseases of spine and spinal cord in pediatric patients were traditionally have been evaluated with myelography and contrast enhanced CT. These techniques provide detailed anatomic information but are invasive with some recognized risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal dysraphism: MRI evaluation

Ramacharya

Desai²

2015

Int J Res Med Sci

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INTRODUCTIONSpinal cord development occurs through three consecutive stages, gastrulation (gestational weeks 2-3) with formation of notochord, primary neurulation (weeks 3-4) produces the upper most nine tenths of the spinal cord and secondary neurulation and retrogressive differentiation (weeks 5-6) result in formation of the conus tip and filum terminale. Defects in these early embryonic stages produce spinal dysraphism. Spinal dysraphism refers to the entire range of spinal column and neuraxis anomalies. 1 Open spina bifida /aperta includes myelocele, myelomeningocele ( Figure 1) and hemimyelomeningocele and hemimyelocele.Occult spinal dysraphism includes skin-covered masses suchas lipomyelomeningocele (Figure 2), skin-covered meningoceles or myelocystoceles and the group of spinal dysraphism without an associated mass. This group encompasses dorsal dermal sinus (Figure 3), spinal lipoma, tethered cord (tight filum terminale syndrome), and fibrolipoma of the filum terminale, diastematomyelia and anterior-sacral-meningocele.Prevalence: The estimated incidence of spinal dysraphism is about 1-3/1000 live births. 3 The prevalence of spinal dysraphism has been in decline the world over in the last ABSTRACT Background: Spinal dysraphism refers to the entire range of spinal column and neuraxis anomalies. The objective was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in characterizing the congenital and developmental disorders of spine. Methods: Fifty (50) patients with clinically suspected spinal dysraphism were included in the study. All the patients were made to undergo MRI spine using 1.5 Tesla MRI, manufactured by GE, SIGNA HDX MACHINE. The findings of MRI spine were assessed and analyzed. Results: Out of 50 patients included in the study; 24 were male (48%) and remaining 26 were female (52%). Congenital spinal lesions were more prevalent in the age group 0-20 years (70%). Lesions without subcutaneous masses (62%) were more common than the lesions with subcutaneous masses (38%). The commonest location for the congenital spinal lesions was lumbar region (54%). Congenital spinal lesions without spinal curvature abnormalities (58%) were more common than the lesions with spinal curvature abnormalities (42%). Vertebral anomalies (78%) were the commonest spinal anomalies in patients with congenital spinal lesions; spina bifida was the commonest (46%). Diastematomyelia was more prevalent in the age group 0-10 years (41.66%) and in female population (58.33%). Conclusion: Thus we conclude that Spinal dysraphism were common in young females, with commonest anomaly being vertebral anomaly (Spina bifida), commonest location is lumbar region, Diastematomyelia common in young aged female. Magnetic resonance imaging is an accurate, noninvasive, safe and advanced modality for evaluation of the congenital spinal disorders and help in better management of these patients with prompt and accurate diagnosis.

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Comparison of six sonographic signs in the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

The Diagnostic Features of Spina Bifida: The Role of Ultrasound

The Diagnostic Features of Spina Bifida: The Role of Ultrasound

Signs on Obstetric Ultrasound Images in the Second Trimester

Spinal dysraphism: MRI evaluation

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