Comparison of skewness coefficient, coefficient of variation, and Gini coefficient as inequality measures within populations

Bendel, Robert B.; Higgins, Stewart S.; Teberg, John E.; Pyke, David A.

doi:10.1007/bf00379115

Cited by 182 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The ecological and evolutionary significance of these population characteristics is great. The evaluation of size hierarchies has led to some confusion (Weiner 1985), and different measures of size inequality are used (Bendel et al 1989). Skewness has been used to determine the onset of self-thinning due to differential growth rates between larger and smaller 'suppressed' plants (Weiner & Thomas 1986), confirming the asymmetric competition hypothesis of dominance and suppression of smaller individuals by larger ones (Begon 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Skewness of size distributions has rarely been used to assess coral populations (but see Bak & Meesters 1998, whereas in plant ecology it is widely used as a measure of inequality among members of populations (e.g. Hara 1988, Bendel et al 1989, Santos 1995. Most plant populations consist of many small individuals and relatively few large ones that comprise most of the population's biomass and thus contribute inordinately to the gene pool of the next generation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Colony size-frequency distributions of scleractinian coral populations: spatial and interspecific variation

Meesters¹,

Hilterman²,

Kardinaal³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

155

163

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Colony size is an important characteristic for clonal modular organisms such as corals because life-history processes, e.g. reproduction and mortality, are strongly related to size. These processes are affected by the environment, and size-frequency distributions of coral populations provide information on the responses of populations to environmental conditions. We hypothesised that the size-frequency structure of coral populations in degraded environments would differ from those in a more pristine environment. We used log-transformed colony-size data of 13 coral species from the fringing reefs of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles. Data were collected at 4 sites, representing 2 environments: a heavily urbanised coastal area with degraded reefs, and an upstream control area. Population structure was dependent on species and site. Size-frequency distributions of the same species from different sites were twice as similar as distributions of different species, indicating the strong effects of various life-history traits among species. Site effects were indicated by significant differences between distributions of 11 species at 4 sites. Mean colony size varied up to an order of magnitude between species, and much less between sites; however, in 10 species mean colony size was also significantly different among the 4 sites. The pattern of the differences was not consistent among species, indicating that mean colony size in degraded sites was higher for some species and lower for others. Parameters describing the shape of the population appeared to reflect a general response to reef condition. In the degraded area, frequency distributions tended to show increased negative skewness, occasionally extreme positive kurtosis, and smaller standard deviations: 11 populations were generally more negatively skewed, with the bulk of the population concentrated in the larger size classes; kurtosis was on average higher and extremely peaked; and standard deviations indicated that colony size varied less. This evidence suggests lower recruitment and higher partial mortality in larger colonies in this area. Lower recruitment decreased the influx into the smaller size classes of the populations, and higher partial colony-mortality decreased the proportion of colonies in the higher size classes while simultaneously increasing the proportion of colonies in the medium-sized classes. Species that attained large sizes (indicative of great age) appeared to have size-frequency distributions skewed to the left, while small species were more skewed to the right. The data indicate a general dichotomy in coral lifehistory strategies with respect to colony size, with small species generally having a shorter lifespan and reproduction being relatively frequent and successful. Thus, new input into smaller size classes occurs continuously. Species that attain large sizes live longer and are less dependent on frequent recruitment, and consequently populations tend to become 'impoverished' in small colonies, resulting in size-frequency distrib...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony size-frequency distributions of scleractinian coral populations: spatial and interspecific variation

Meesters¹,

Hilterman²,

Kardinaal³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

155

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It started in 1984 and is conducted on the annual basis ever since. 4 The GSOEP is the largest and most comprehensive household panel in Germany, which compared to the administrative data provided by the Federal Employment Agency includes not only the job search information of unemployed workers registered with the PEA but also of other non-employed workers, who want to find a job.…”

Section: German Socio Economic Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three measures differ in their sensitivity towards changes in the mean or changes in the tails (see e.g. Bendel et al, 1989;Cowell and Flachaire, 2007). The coefficient of variation and the Gini coefficient are more sensitive to shifts in the mean compared to the variance of logs.…”

Section: Comparing the Distributions Of (Suitable) Applicantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermediation Services and Search Frictions

Holzner

Watanabe

2017

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. In many countries Public Employment Agencies (PEA) offer intermediation services to help as many people as possible to find work by bringing together supply and demand. Using a unique vacancy-level data-set on the number of applicants, we find positive effects of the intermediation services on mitigating search frictions. In particular, we show that applications coming via the PEA are more evenly distributed across vacancies than the applications coming via other search channels. This holds for the total number of applicants as well as the suitable number of applicants. Our results suggest that the market operated by the PEA attains more coordinated job applications compared to other search channels. Terms of use: Documents in

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“…For the large different average value DO concentration at different time, we chose dispersion coefficient Vx as the index to measure the uniformity of DO concentration [9][10], the compute formula as follows: …”

Section: A Index Of Uniform Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis Based on RBF Neural Network for Effect of Artificial Flow Field on Dissolved Oxygen Uniform Distribution

Liu¹,

Ai²,

Lei³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Electronic Industry and Automation (EIA 2017)

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Abstract-To verify the effect of artificial flow on the improvement of local DO(dissolved oxygen) imbalance distribution, Lake Jing in Guangxi University was taken as the experimental area, five groups of experiments were designed, pump with different flow rate and different nozzle were used to push flow in experimental area, RBF Neural Network which is widely used in geographic information prediction was used to fitting the spatial distribution of dissolved oxygen and the dispersion coefficient was taken as the equilibrium index of DO horizontal distribution to analysis the effect of flow. The result shows that100 m 3 /min, 130 m 3 /min, 180 m 3 /min pump with circular nozzle and 130L/min pump with duckbill nozzle respectively need 1.5 hour, 1.0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1.5 hour to decrease the DO dispersion coefficient from 0.3 to 0.05, witch prove push flow has obvious effect on improving the DO balance and the effect is related with flow rate and nozzle, a larger flow pump and circular nozzle is preferred.

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Comparison of skewness coefficient, coefficient of variation, and Gini coefficient as inequality measures within populations

Cited by 182 publications

References 24 publications

Colony size-frequency distributions of scleractinian coral populations: spatial and interspecific variation

Colony size-frequency distributions of scleractinian coral populations: spatial and interspecific variation

Intermediation Services and Search Frictions

Analysis Based on RBF Neural Network for Effect of Artificial Flow Field on Dissolved Oxygen Uniform Distribution

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