Comparison of SNOT‐25 and ENS6Q in evaluating patients with empty nose syndrome

Cc, Huang; Wu, Pei‐Wen; Lee, Cheng‐Chi; Huang, Chi‐Che; Fu, Chia‐Hsiang; Lee, Ta‐Jen

doi:10.1002/lio2.767

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our previous study revealed that the ENS6Q score had a good correlation with the BDI-II and BAI scores preoperatively, but it was not associated with postoperative BDI-II and BAI scores. Hence, a simultaneous psychological assessment is necessary when evaluating patients using the ENS6Q [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Chinese versions of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-25 (SNOT-25) [ 15 , 20 ], Empty Nose Syndrome 6-item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) [ 12 ], Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) [ 21 ] and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) [ 22 ] were used to evaluate the severity of ENS symptoms and psychological burden (depression and anxiety) in patients with ENS prior to, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery, as well as in the control group at enrollment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the ENS evaluation by SNOT-25 and ENS6Q, participants graded each ENS-related symptom from 0 (no symptoms) to 5 (the most severe) [ 20 ]. Scores ranging from 0 to 125 and 0 to 30 were obtained in SNOT-25 and ENS6Q, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Huang

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is a syndrome of paradoxical nasal obstruction that is thought to be mostly caused by inappropriate turbinate procedures. This study aimed to investigate depression- and anxiety-associated psychological symptoms in patients with ENS before and after surgical reconstruction, and to compare them with those of control subjects. Methods: Patients with ENS were prospectively enrolled. The Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-25 (SNOT-25), Empty Nose Syndrome 6-item questionnaire (ENS6Q), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to evaluate the participants before and after reconstruction surgery with submucosal Medpor implantation (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI), as well as control subjects at enrollment. Results: Forty patients with ENS and forty age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Patients with ENS experienced significant improvement in SNOT-25, ENS6Q, BDI-II, and BAI scores after surgery, but all were significantly greater than those in the control group. Nine patients with ENS (22.5%) had postoperative residual psychological symptoms. Preoperative BDI-II and BAI scores were significant predictors of postoperative residual psychological symptoms. The optimal cut-off value was BDI-II > 28.5 (sensitivity, 77.8%; specificity, 77.4%) in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Conclusions: The nasal and psychological evaluations in patients with ENS significantly improved after nasal reconstruction surgery, but both were significantly greater than those in the control group. Identifying individuals who may experience postoperative residual symptoms and providing a multimodal approach, including surgical reconstruction and psychiatric treatment, are suggested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Huang

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…We extracted data on patient numbers, nasal symptoms, quality of life, anxiety, and depression using a standardized form 13 . The outcomes examined were changes in the SNOT, ENS6Q, anxiety, and depression scores from pre‐ to post‐procedure 14–31 . Quality assessment of randomized controlled trials was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 The outcomes examined were changes in the SNOT, ENS6Q, anxiety, and depression scores from pre-to post-procedure. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Quality assessment of randomized controlled trials was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Nonrandomized controlled studies were assessed employing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.…”

Section: Data Curation and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Post‐Intervention Outcomes in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Kim,

Basurrah

et al. 2023

The Laryngoscope

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ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of published articles to assess the impact of inferior turbinate/meatus augmentation in patients diagnosed with empty nose syndrome (ENS).Data SourcesPubMed, Cochrane database, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar.Review MethodsSix databases were searched to December 2022. We retrieved studies evaluating improvements in refractory ENS‐related symptoms based on various patient‐reported outcome measures after inferior turbinate/meatus augmentation.ResultsAs a result of meta‐analysis, Sinonasal Outcome Test, Empty Nose Syndrome 6‐Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q), and depression scores were measured at 1 week; 1, 3, and 6 months; and later than 12 months after intervention for patients with ENS. All scores revealed significant symptom improvement. By reference to the minimal clinically important difference of the ENS6Q (6.25), inferior turbinate/meatus augmentation relieved the nasal symptoms of ENS in the long term. Although the improvements in anxiety scores at 1 week (0.4133 [−0.3366; 1.1633], 0.00, I2 = NA) and 1 month (0.4525 [−0.0529; 0.9579], I2 = 0.0%) were not statistically significant, the scores differed significantly at 3 months (0.7351 [0.4143; 1.0559], I2 = 28.4%), 6 months (0.8297 [0.6256; 1.0337], I2 = 37.2%), and longer than 12 months (0.7969 [0.4768; 1.1170], I2 = 0.0%).ConclusionThese data and analysis suggest that performing inferior turbinate/meatus augmentation on ENS patients may improve not only nasal symptom scores but also accompanying psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. Laryngoscope, 2023

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Application of a Novel 3D‐Printed Nasal Plug as a Conservative Treatment for Empty Nose Syndrome

Gwak,

Kim,

Jang

2024

The Laryngoscope

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ObjectiveEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) is commonly treated by surgery, albeit with limited success. Herein, we introduce our experience of applying a newly developed “3D‐printed nasal plug” as an alternative conservative treatment modality.MethodsThis retrospective study included 20 patients (14 males, 6 females; mean age 46.5 ± 13.5 years) with ENS who underwent the application of the 3D‐printed nasal plug at Asan Medical Center between June 2022 and May 2023. Symptom improvement was assessed by Empty Nose Syndrome 6‐Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) before and after applying the nasal plug. Clinical results, such as duration and frequency of plug use, discomfort, and level of satisfaction, were investigated.ResultsThe mean follow‐up duration was 40.3 ± 24.2 weeks. The average duration of nasal plug usage was 10.8 h per day and 5.3 days a week. The ENS6Q scores improved from 19.6 ± 4.6 to 6.8 ± 5.1 (mean reduction 12.8 ± 5.9) after 30 minutes of wearing. Symptom “nose feelings too open” was improved most by a score of 3.0 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001). Thirteen patients (65.0%) reported that the effectiveness of the plug, initially confirmed at the first wearing, was well maintained during the entire follow‐up. Four patients (20.0%) wore the nasal plug uninterruptedly throughout the week, whereas nine patients (45.0%) wore it intermittently as needed. Frequently reported complaints with plug usage were ‘displacement of the plug’ and ‘cosmetic concerns’ about the visible hook portion.ConclusionA 3D‐designed nasal plug can be a useful conservative treatment option for ENS patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024

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Comparison of SNOT‐25 and ENS6Q in evaluating patients with empty nose syndrome

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Evaluation of Post‐Intervention Outcomes in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome

Application of a Novel 3D‐Printed Nasal Plug as a Conservative Treatment for Empty Nose Syndrome

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