Comparison of Sorghum Seedling Reactions to<i>Sporisorium reilianum</i>in Relation to Sorghum Head Smut Resistance Classes

Craig, J.

doi:10.1094/pd-76-0314

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In addition, changes in the structural morphology of the host were found similar to those reported in previous research conducted in S. reilianum (Craig and Fredenksen 1992;Martinez et al 1999). Similarly, it was confi rmed that S. cruentum produced structural morphological changes in the host.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Th ey also have found a correlation between field and greenhouse experiments which indicated that the hypodermic syringe method of inoculation is useful for the evaluation of diff erent genotypes resistant or susceptible to smut. Here, we determined that the method was effi cient in replacing fi eld testing in screening assays (Wilson and Frederiksen 1970;Matyac 1985;Matyac and Kommedaha 1985;Craig and Fredenksen 1992;Snetselaar and Mims 1994). According to our observations of the cross sections of leaves, the hyphae of the fungus degraded chloroplasts and invaded vascular bundles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Original Article. Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense

Gassó¹,

Lovisolo²,

Perelló³

2016

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Th e eff ect of loose kernel smut fungus Sporisorium cruentum on Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) was investigated in vitro and in greenhouse experiments. Smut infection induced a decrease in the dry matter of rhizomes and aerial vegetative parts of the plants evaluated. Moreover, the diseased plants showed a lower height than controls. Th e infection resulted in multiple smutted buds that caused small panicles infected with the fungus. In addition, changes were observed in the structural morphology of the host. Leaf tissue sections showed hyphae degrading chloroplasts and vascular bundles colonized by the fungus. Subsequently, cells collapsed and widespread necrosis was observed as a symptom of the disease. Th e pathogen did not colonize the gynoecium of Sorghum plants until the tassel was fully developed. Th e sporulation process of the fungus led to a total disintegration of anthers and tissues. When panicles were inspected before emergence, fungal hyphae were observed on fl oral primord. Histological sections of panicles showed fungal hyphae located in the parenchyma tissue and the nodal area. Infection occurred in the fl oral primordium before the tassel had fully developed and emerged from the fl ag leaf. Grains were replaced by sori surrounded by a thin membrane that usually was broken before or aft er the emergence of the panicle. Th e results, together with the signifi cant decrease of the dry matter of rhizomes and seeds of S. halepense, suggest that S. cruentum could be considered as a potential biocontrol agent in the integrated management of this weed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original Article. Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense

Gassó¹,

Lovisolo²,

Perelló³

2016

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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“…However, these approaches have only delayed the spread of the fungus, and head smut now occurs in several regions of France. Even though several reports deal with the resistance mechanisms of corn or sorghum to this disease (2,5,8,18,26), an understanding of the biology of the fungus is a prerequisite for the development of new control strategies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biotrophic Development of Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in Vegetative Shoot Apex of Maize

Martinez¹,

Roux²,

Dargent³

1999

Phytopathology®

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Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae is the causal agent of maize head smut, a disease present in several regions of France. A cytological study was carried out to describe a key step of the fungal etiology, in which the mycelium invades the vegetative shoot apex. Light and transmission electron microscopy observations show that the fungus is mostly intracellular and suggest that it passes through the host cell wall by lysis and mechanical pressure. The hyphae are surrounded by an amorphous vesicle-rich layer limited by a membrane related to the host plasmalemma. The encasement can be considered as an exchange zone between the plant and the fungus. The infected host cells appear normal; therefore, the fungus seems to act like a biotrophic endophyte.

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“…The methodology used in this research was adapted and modified based on previous techniques used for the study of smut fungi as mentioned by Fernández et al (1978), Matyac (1985), Craig and Frederiksen (1992), Maurya et al (2010) and Kosiada (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, teliospores were seeded on two agar media: (1) 2% Water Agar (AA) for observing the germination type, and (2) 2% Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for the study of colony characteristics and fungus morphology. Cultures in PDA were kept in the refrigerator at 5±2°C to be used in the artificial inoculations carried out on the host, Glyceria (Craig and Frederiksen 1992).…”

Section: Isolation Of Ustilago Filiformis and In Vitro Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and histopathology of Ustilago filiformis (=U. longissima), a causal agent of leaf stripe smut of Glyceria multiflora

Perelló¹,

Gassó²,

Lovisolo³

2015

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:The aims of this study were to clarify the reproductive biology of the Ustilago filiformis Schrank, as causal agent of the stripe smut of Glyceria multiflora, determine the infection process of the pathogen and analyze the histological changes associated hostGlyceria any fungus attack. Moreover, the life cycle of the fungus was elucidated for the first time. Both teliospores and basidiospores were found to be equally efficient in producing the infection in Glyceria plants after the plants had been inoculated. These results constitute an important contribution for the understanding of the epidemiology of the disease.

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Comparison of Sorghum Seedling Reactions toSporisorium reilianumin Relation to Sorghum Head Smut Resistance Classes

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Original Article. Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense

Original Article. Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense

Biotrophic Development of Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in Vegetative Shoot Apex of Maize

Biology and histopathology of Ustilago filiformis (=U. longissima), a causal agent of leaf stripe smut of Glyceria multiflora

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