Comparison of soybean oil and castor oil methanolysis in the presence of tin(IV) complexes

Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

“…This lower activity of the catalysts on transesterification of castor oil is not due to mass transfer problems, but rather to the unique chemical composition of this oil, which has as major constituent, the ester of the ricinoleic acid, that contains an undesirable hydroxyl group in their structure. This observation indicates the influence of the chemical composition of the triglycerides on the catalytic activity of Lewis acid sites [15].…”

“…Meneghetti and co workers confirmed that the reactions performed in CS reactor were more efficient than those performed in OG reactor (Table 15) [15]. Moreover, the most soluble catalysts were again the most actives.…”

“…This behavior can be attributed to the chemical structure which plays an important role in transesterification reaction, modifying both the solubility in the reaction medium and/or the Lewis acidity of the metallic center [15,32,33]. It deserves highlights that although the yields obtained in DBTL-catalyzed are not as high as 80-90%, it is almost two-times higher than those obtained in H 2 SO 4 -catalyzed reactions.…”

“…Moreover, all transesterification reactions were performed at mild conditions (methyl alcohol reflux temperature). Recently, Meneghetti and coworkers studied the effect of type oil in the transesterification reactions in presence of tin(IV) organometallics catalysts: soybean oil and castor oil were the oils assessed [15]. The organotin catalysts selected by those authors were (C 4 H 9 ) 2 Sn(C 12 H 23 O 2 ) 2 (DBTDL), (C 4 H 9 ) 2 Sn(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 (DBTDA), (C 4 H 9 ) 2 SnO (DBTO), and (C 4 H 9 )SnO(OH) (BTA) (Table 14), which were applied in different temperature (Table 13).…”

“…However, an interesting effect was found. It was found that regardless the temperature of reaction and the Sn(IV) catalyst employed, the transesterification with methyl alcohol of the castor oil leads to lower yields than those observed when soybean oil was the triglyceride source [15]. This lower activity of the catalysts on transesterification of castor oil is not due to mass transfer problems, but rather to the unique chemical composition of this oil, which has as major constituent, the ester of the ricinoleic acid, that contains an undesirable hydroxyl group in their structure.…”