Comparison of Starch-Branching Enzyme Genes Reveals Evolutionary Relationships Among Isoforms. Characterization of a Gene for Starch-Branching Enzyme IIa from the Wheat D Genome Donor<i>Aegilops tauschii</i>

Rahman, Sadequr; Regina, Ahmed; Li, Zhongyi; Mukai, Yasuhiko; Yamamoto, Maki; Kosar-Hashemi, Behjat; Abrahams, Sharon; Morell, Matthew K.

doi:10.1104/pp.125.3.1314

Cited by 100 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Using three restriction enzymes with a single recognition site within the probe consistently yielded two hybridizing bands, strongly indicating a single copy of SBEIIA in the sorghum genome (data not shown). A single-copy SBEIIA gene is in agreement with the situation for SBEIIB in sorghum and for SBEIIA and SBEIIB in barley, wheat and rice (Kim et al, 1998;Rahman et al, 2001;Sun et al, 1998;Yamanouchi and Nakamura, 1997).…”

Section: Sequence Analysis Of Sorghum Sbeiiasupporting

confidence: 58%

Diurnal oscillation of SBE expression in sorghum endosperm

Mutisya

Sun

Rosenquist

et al. 2009

Journal of Plant Physiology

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Spatial and temporal expression patterns of the sorghum SBEI, SBEIIA and SBEIIB genes, encoding, respectively, starch branching enzyme (SBE) I, IIA and IIB, in the developing endosperm of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) were studied. Full-length genomic and cDNA clones for sorghum was cloned and the SBEIIA cDNA was used together with gene-specific probes for sorghum SBEIIB and SBEI. In contrast to sorghum SBEIIB, which was expressed primarily in endosperm and embryo, SBEIIA was expressed also in vegetative tissues. All three genes shared a similar temporal expression profile during endosperm development, with a maximum activity at 15-24 days after pollination. This is different from barley and maize where SBEI gene activity showed a significantly later onset compared to that of SBEIIA and SBEIIB. Expression of the three SBE genes in the sorghum endosperm exhibited a diurnal rhythm during a 24-h cycle.

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Section: Sequence Analysis Of Sorghum Sbeiiasupporting

confidence: 58%

Diurnal oscillation of SBE expression in sorghum endosperm

Mutisya

Sun

Rosenquist

et al. 2009

Journal of Plant Physiology

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“…SBE-IIb plays a specific role in the formation of Achains of the amylopectin cluster (Nishi et al 2001), and the levels of BEIIb activity affect the extent of structural changes in the cluster (Tanaka et al 2004). In monocots, SBE-II is made up of two closely related but discrete gene products (SBE-IIa and SBE-IIb) (Sun et al 1998;Rahman et al 2001;McCue et al 2002). Downregulation of SBE-I activity appears to have minimal effects on starch syntheses and composition in photosynthetic and non photosynthetic tissues (Satoh et al 2003).…”

Section: Sbe Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch accumulation, activities of key enzyme and gene expression in starch synthesis of wheat endosperm with different starch contents

ZiBu

et al. 2011

J Food Sci Technol

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In order to investigate starch accumulation, and the enzymes activity changes and the expression levels of genes and their relationships among them at different developmental stages of wheat grain. We choose Annong9912 and E28 were used in the study. During starch accumulating rate and grain filling rate, and there were obvious genotype difference between Annong9912 and E28. Whether low or high starch content of starch content, the accumulation courses of amylopectin, amylose and total starch were well fitted to the logistic equation by relating starch contents against DAP. The simulation parameters revealed that the higher contents of amylopectin and amylose resulted from earlier initiating accumulation time and greater accumulation rate. And amylose, amylopectin and total starch accumulation rate of two wheat cultures were significantly and positively correlated with activities of SBE, SSS and GBSS, but amylose accumulation rate of E28 had no correlation with the activities of SBE. In addition, there were significant correlations among activities of SBE, SSS and GBSS in two wheat cultivars. We speculated that these enzymes proteins may have a coordinating action in starch biosynthesis within the amyloplast, operating as functional multiprotein complexes. And expression levels of enzyme genes demonstrated a single-peak curve, and 12-18 DAP reached their peaks and then began to drop, and all had high expression level in earlier stage of endosperm development, but in E28 were higher than in Annong9912. The GBSS-I transcripts on average were expressed over 60 times more than GBSS-II transcript in E28. SBE, SSS, DBE may control starch synthesis at the transcriptional level, and GBSS-I may control starch synthesis at the post transcriptional level. The expression level of DBE on average was lower than SS-1 and SBE-IIa genes, and similar to SS-III and SBE-IIb genes, but higher than GBSS-I and GBSS-II genes.

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“…It has already been demonstrated that there exist two classes of SBEs, i.e. the branching enzyme I and the branching enzyme II and, in addition, in monocots the branching enzyme II class is represented by the two discrete sets of genes known as branching enzyme IIa and branching enzyme IIb (Rahman et al 2001). The mutual positions of the plant SBE isoforms on the evolutionary tree are well conserved although the SBEs I from wheat and pea (SBE Triae1, SBE Pissa1) are placed within the cluster of SBE II and the SBE II from pea (SBE Pissa2) is positioned among the SBEs I (Fig.…”

Section: Evolutionary Tree Of Cbm48 Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Domain evolution in the GH13 pullulanase subfamily with focus on the carbohydrate-binding module family 48

Martín

Janeček

2008

Biologia

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Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 13 comprises about 30 different specificities. Four of them have been proposed to form the GH13 pullulanase subfamily: pullulanase, isoamylase, maltooligosyl trehalohydrolase and branching enzyme forming the seven CAZy GH13 subfamilies: GH13 8-GH13 14. Recently, a new family of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), the family CBM48 has been established containing the putative starch-binding domains from the pullulanase subfamily, the β-subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase and some other GH13 enzymes with pullulanase and/or α-amylase-pullulanase specificity. Since all of these enzymes are multidomain proteins and the structure for at least one representative of each enzyme specificity has already been determined, the main goal of the present study was to elucidate domain evolution within this GH13 pullulanase subfamily (84 real enzymes) focusing on the CBM48 module. With regard to CBM48 positioning in the amino acid sequence, the N-terminal end of a protein appears to be a predominant position. This is especially true for isoamylases and maltooligosyl trehalohydrolases. Secondary structure-based alignment of CBM modules from CBM48, CBM20 and CBM21 revealed that several residues known as consensus for CBM20 and CBM21 could also be identified in CBM48, but only branching enzymes possess the aromatic residues that correspond with the two tryptophans forming the evolutionary conserved starch-binding site 1 in CBM20. The evolutionary trees constructed for the individual domains, complete alignment, and the conserved sequence regions of the α-amylase family were found to be comparable to each other (except for the C-domain tree) with two basic parts: (i) branching enzymes and maltooligosyl trehalohydrolases; and (ii) pullulanases and isoamylases. Taxonomy was respected only within clusters with pure specificity, i.e. the evolution of CBM48 reflects the evolution of specificities rather than evolution of species. This is a feature different from the one observed for the starch-binding domain of the family CBM20 where the starch-binding domain evolution reflects the evolution of species.

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Comparison of Starch-Branching Enzyme Genes Reveals Evolutionary Relationships Among Isoforms. Characterization of a Gene for Starch-Branching Enzyme IIa from the Wheat D Genome DonorAegilops tauschii

Cited by 100 publications

References 49 publications

Diurnal oscillation of SBE expression in sorghum endosperm

Diurnal oscillation of SBE expression in sorghum endosperm

Starch accumulation, activities of key enzyme and gene expression in starch synthesis of wheat endosperm with different starch contents

Domain evolution in the GH13 pullulanase subfamily with focus on the carbohydrate-binding module family 48

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