Comparison of Static and Dynamic Balance in Male Football and Basketball Players

Abstract

Introduction. The aim of the present study was to compare static and dynamic balance among professional athletes in football and basketball. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 47 professional, male football and basketball players from Pro League in Iran participated. They were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 included 16 participants with history of grade 1 or 2 single ankle sprain within the past 6 months. Group 2 included 17 participants with recurrent ankle sprain. Group 3 included 14 participants without history of ankle sprain. Static and dynamic balance were measured by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), respectively. Results. For the single-leg stance on a firm surface, group 2 scored errors with a high mean value of 3.94 compared with the other 2 groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .03). Significant differences in BESS scores are observed on both surfaces across the tandem limb between groups 2 and 3. Conclusion. The measures from the SEBTs may not reflect the balance performance especially in well-trained athletes who have a better balance when performing sport-related skills. However, BESS includes static postures, and it may reflect postural deficits better than dynamic tests in the more experienced athlete. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic, Level IV

Footwear Usage in Children with Flatfoot Disorder in Sukajadi Sub-district, Bandung

“…[11][12][13] The cause of flatfoot includes obesity, posture abnormality, neurology and muscular abnormality, a genetic condition, collagen disorders, and the weakness of supporting tissue. 2 The fat pads may resolve between the ages of 2 and 5 years as the arch of the foot developed. 2 By wearing footwear at age under six and with wearing duration more than eight hours per day, especially with the use closed footwear such as shoes, these factors can damage the arch development and will affect the occurrence of flatfoot.…”

“…2 The fat pads may resolve between the ages of 2 and 5 years as the arch of the foot developed. 2 By wearing footwear at age under six and with wearing duration more than eight hours per day, especially with the use closed footwear such as shoes, these factors can damage the arch development and will affect the occurrence of flatfoot. 4 The limitation of this study was the recall bias of the parent's memory to remember when their children wearing footwear.…”

“…Flatfoot is a disorder of the lower extremities that often occurs in children. 2 A study conducted toward 1158 respondents of all school students from Babol shows that 16.1% have flatfoot. 3 Although flatfoot rarely causes pain, but many parents believe that flatfoot can cause the problem of walking in the future, therefore, the problem of flatfoot is still the focus in most parents.…”

“…3 Although flatfoot rarely causes pain, but many parents believe that flatfoot can cause the problem of walking in the future, therefore, the problem of flatfoot is still the focus in most parents. 2 Flatfoot is a medial longitudinal arch (MLA) condition that falls with the entire sole or almost all of it touches the ground. 4 If the foot arch does not grow normally it will cause injuries to the feet, knees, and back, balance disorders, unstable, complaint easily of fatigue, and also can cause excessive injury and pain.…”

“…The use of shoes can limit the leg muscles movement resulting in the flattened arches and thus making leg muscles become weak. 2,4 Sukajadi is one of the urban areas where most of the population wear various types of footwear and duration of usage, the risk factors for the flatfoot. A systematic study conducted in India has shown that the incidence of flatfoot in urban communities is higher, and the footwear use is associated with increased risk of flatfoot.…”