Comparison of steady- and unsteady-state drainage equations for determination of subsurface drain spacing in paddy fields: a case study in Northern Iran

Darzi-Naftchally, Abdullah; Mirlatifi, S M; Asgari, Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s10333-013-0364-4

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The differences can be due to underestimation of the Glover-Dumm equation in computing drain spacing or other parameters. In two studies [35,36] for determination of subsurface drain spacing, the Glover-Dumm equation had a tendency to underestimate the drain spacing. Also, this equation resulted in´33.31% to´31.55% deviation from the actual spacing [37].…”

Section: Long-term Effects Of Subsurface Drainage Systems On Saturatementioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Drainage to Enable the Cultivation of Winter Crops in Consolidated Paddy Fields in Northern Iran

et al. 2016

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Subsurface drainage is a prerequisite to grow winter crops in the consolidated paddy fields in Northern Iran. A four-year study (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) was conducted to quantify the effects of subsurface drainage on the saturated hydraulic conductivity, water table, drain discharge and winter crop yields. Subsurface drainage systems with two drain depths of 0.65 and 0.90 m and two drain spacings of 15 and 30 m were installed at the consolidated paddy fields of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran. During four successive winter seasons, the water table depth and drain discharge were measured daily. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was measured twice; before drainage system installation and four years following the installation. Canola grain yields were determined at harvest of each cultivation season. During the study period, the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity increased with the highest increase in the top 0-30 cm. The deeper drains were more effective in controlling the water table compared to the shallow, and the daily drain discharge of the deeper drains in the fourth year were higher than those of shallow drains. The canola grain yield of all drainage systems increased significantly by the seasons, and the largest difference in canola grain yield between first and fourth seasons was 2191 kg¨ha´1 (318% increase) in the fields with 0.90 m drain depth and 30 m drain spacing. Totally, it became clear that installation of subsurface drainage systems with 0.90 m depth and 30 m spacing in the paddy fields of Northern Iran can be recommended to achieve high yield of winter crop, soil condition improvement, and multi-purpose land use.

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Section: Long-term Effects Of Subsurface Drainage Systems On Saturatementioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Drainage to Enable the Cultivation of Winter Crops in Consolidated Paddy Fields in Northern Iran

et al. 2016

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“…Tentatively, this resulted from high crop N uptake (Table 6), leaving less N available for leaching. By controlling drainage depth, it is possible to increase N uptake by plants, potentially reducing the amount of N available for leaching (Darzi-Naftchali et al 2014). In paddy fields, abundant NO 3 --N losses only occur during heavy rain or ponding prior to transplanting (Zhang et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a semi-arid marshland in Rwanda

Tuyishime

Joel

Messing

et al. 2020

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Sc

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Drainage management is important in intensification of irrigated paddy rice production. This study assessed the effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a field experiment conducted during three seasons in Rwanda. The experiment comprised 12 plots with four blocks and three treatments: DS 0.6 (0.6 m deep drain), DD1 1.2 (1.2 m deep drain, control structure open four times per week), and DD2 1.2 (1.2 m deep drain, control structure open two times per week). Outflow was calculated from water balance. Nitrogen (N) content in drainage water was determined weekly. Crop yield and N uptake were determined in grain and straw. In all seasons, grain yield was 61-131% higher, crop N uptake was 24-90% higher, harvest index (HI) was 24-65% higher and water use efficiency (WUE) was 50-150% higher in treatments DD1 1.2 and DD2 1.2 than in DS 0.6. There was a decrease in soil carbon/nitrogen ratio at the end of Seasons 2 and 3. Recirculating straw to fields is thus necessary to replenish SOC for long-term soil fertility. A practical implication of the study is that managed deep drainage systems could enhance water use efficiency and rice grain yield in poorly drained paddy fields.

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“…Hammad's equation performed next to van Schilfgaarde's equation because he derived this equation for deep impervious layered soils and the experimental soil was 18 m deep impervious layer below ground surface. Chandra and Shyamsundar (2007), Nasralla (2007) and Naftchally et al (2014) also recommended the unsteady state approach for drainage design. Hussein (2015) also used unsteady drain spacing equation for Egyptian Vertisols.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Unsteady Drain Spacing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different researchers viz., Buckland et al (1987), Firake (1987), Lal et al (1989), Singh et al (1992), Singh et al (1999), Nasralla (2007) Tripathi et al (2008), Kumar et al (2013), Pali (2013), Naftchally et al (2014), Pali (2015) and Yousef et al (2016) etc. evaluated different steady and unsteady drain spacing equations in different soils and hydrological situations, and most of them recommended unsteady drain spacing equations over steady drain spacing equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Evaluation of Unsteady Drain Spacing Equations for Optimal Design of Subsurface Drainage System under Waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra

Rathod¹,

Dahiwalkar²,

Gorantiwar³

et al. 2020

IJARe

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The field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist. Sangli during Adsali sugarcane season of 2012-13 to 2013-14. The experiment was conducted by installing subsurface drainage system with 10, 20, 30 and 40 m drain spacing and 1 m drain depth. In view of different costs and effectiveness of subsurface drainage associated with the varying depths and spacings, field evaluation of unsteady drain spacing equations was important for finding out the optimal drain spacing equation among various equations. The field evaluation of unsteady drain spacing equations revealed that the van Schilfgaarde, Hammad, Modified Glover, Guyon and Integrated Hooghoudt’s equation performed satisfactory for estimation of water table depths among seven unsteady drain spacing equations. The Glover-Dumm and Modified Glover-Dumm’s equations were not performed satisfactory for estimation of water table depths. Among unsteady drain spacing equations, van Schilfgaarde’s equation performed better and hence recommended for water table depth estimation and in turn for optimal design of subsurface drainage system under waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra.

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Comparison of steady- and unsteady-state drainage equations for determination of subsurface drain spacing in paddy fields: a case study in Northern Iran

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Subsurface Drainage to Enable the Cultivation of Winter Crops in Consolidated Paddy Fields in Northern Iran

Subsurface Drainage to Enable the Cultivation of Winter Crops in Consolidated Paddy Fields in Northern Iran

Effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a semi-arid marshland in Rwanda

Field Evaluation of Unsteady Drain Spacing Equations for Optimal Design of Subsurface Drainage System under Waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra

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