Comparison of Surface‐Active Properties of (Alkyloxycarbonylmethyl)trimethylammonium Chlorides and Alkyltrimethylammonium Chlorides

Abstract

Surface-active properties of cleavable surfactants with a betaine ester group-(n-alkyloxycarbonylmethyl)trimethylammonium chlorides, used as separation reagents-were investigated. Critical micelle concentrations, dispersing powers, and foaming powers were comparable to those of alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides with the same total number of carbon atoms. On the other hand, the solubilities of the four hydrophobic dyes N,N-dimethyl-3-nitroaniline, naphthalene, pyrene, and oil orange SS in the former surfactant solutions were equal to or slightly smaller than those in the solutions of the latter surfactants with the same alkyl chain length. The alkali hydrolysis yields of the formers approached 100% in aqueous buffer solution at pH 10 and 25°C within 10 min, and the yield at pH 9 was dependent on the alkyl chain length. This type of surfactant was also found to be as an efficient separation reagent which disperses carbon black and solubilizes the above dyes into aqueous neutral solution and then separates them instantaneously and almost perfectly as precipitates when a small excess of NaOH is added.

Alkyl(C16, C18, C22)trimethylammonium-Based Herbicidal Ionic Liquids

“…(Long alkyl)­trimethylammonium chlorides and bromides are popular cationic surfactants that are commonly used mainly in the cosmetic industry. − The most representative compounds from this group possess C 16 , C 18 , and C 22 straight alkyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atom. − Low costs as well as good availability of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CAS Registry No. 112-02-7), octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CAS Registry No.…”

Hydrolyzable‐emulsifier‐containing polymer latices as dispersants and binders for waterborne carbon black paint

“…We had no clear reason for this. However, with our previous result that the solubilizabilities of several substrates in aqueous C 14 B solution were somewhat lower than those in the CTAC one, C 14 B might form less stable latices and decrease D rel .…”

Penetration behaviour of alkylbetainate chlorides into lipid monolayers

“…In a first set of experiments, each C n BC is dissolved in water to obtain a concentration of 1.5 mM and is injected (without lipid monolayer) into the water subphase using a Hamilton syringe. The C n BC final concentration in the subphase is 1.15 M. It is assumed that alkylbetainate chlorides exist mainly as monomers within the water subphase) as this concentration is well below their measured cmc [8,9]. For the second set of experiments, the lipid monolayer (DPPS, DPPA, DPPE, POPC or CHOL) is prepared by carefully spreading droplets of the lipid solution (dissolved in chloroform/methanol 2:1 v/v) to obtain the desired initial surface pressure ( i ).…”

“…Recently, a review of the synthesis methods and the potential applications of glycine betaine derivatives has been published [3]. Several surfactants including esters (alkylbetainates) are based on this molecule [4][5][6][7][8][9]. These compounds are generally referred to as "mild to the skin" [10,11] and are used as additives to other surfactants to improve their dermatological properties (e.g., betaines decrease the skin irritation of anionic compounds).…”