Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Four cylindrical sandstone samples were extracted from the original rectangular sample with a rough-walled fracture. Each drilling angle (θ) of cylindrical sandstone samples is different to consider the anisotropies of rough-walled rock fractures. For each sample, different flow velocities ranging from 0 m/s to 13 m/s were designed. For a given flow velocity, a series of different confining pressures ( σ n ), including 1.5 MPa, 2.5 MPa, and 3.5 MPa, were applied on the fractured samples. The hydraulic properties of each cylindrical sandstone sample were tested under different shear displacements ( u s ) and σ n . The results show that the hydraulic gradient ( J ) shows an increasing trend with the increment of σ n . With the increment of the Reynolds number ( Re ), the transmissivity ( T ) decreases in the form of the quadratic function. The normalized transmissivity ( T / T 0 ) decreases with the increment of J . The variations in T / T 0 with J can be divided into three stages. The first stage is that T / T 0 approximately holds a constant value of 1.0 when J is small indicating that the fluid flow is in the linear regime. The last two stages are that T / T 0 decreases with the continuous increase of J , and the reduction rate first increases and then decreases. The critical Reynolds’ number ( Re c ) of the sample angle with a drilling angle of 90° is different from that of other samples. The corresponding Re c is 6.52, 28.73, and 32.1 when the shear displacement u s = 2 mm , 3 mm, and 4 mm, respectively. The variations in Re c and J along different drilling angles are significantly obvious. When the confining pressure is large, the effect of anisotropy on Rec is much greater than that of confining pressure.
Four cylindrical sandstone samples were extracted from the original rectangular sample with a rough-walled fracture. Each drilling angle (θ) of cylindrical sandstone samples is different to consider the anisotropies of rough-walled rock fractures. For each sample, different flow velocities ranging from 0 m/s to 13 m/s were designed. For a given flow velocity, a series of different confining pressures ( σ n ), including 1.5 MPa, 2.5 MPa, and 3.5 MPa, were applied on the fractured samples. The hydraulic properties of each cylindrical sandstone sample were tested under different shear displacements ( u s ) and σ n . The results show that the hydraulic gradient ( J ) shows an increasing trend with the increment of σ n . With the increment of the Reynolds number ( Re ), the transmissivity ( T ) decreases in the form of the quadratic function. The normalized transmissivity ( T / T 0 ) decreases with the increment of J . The variations in T / T 0 with J can be divided into three stages. The first stage is that T / T 0 approximately holds a constant value of 1.0 when J is small indicating that the fluid flow is in the linear regime. The last two stages are that T / T 0 decreases with the continuous increase of J , and the reduction rate first increases and then decreases. The critical Reynolds’ number ( Re c ) of the sample angle with a drilling angle of 90° is different from that of other samples. The corresponding Re c is 6.52, 28.73, and 32.1 when the shear displacement u s = 2 mm , 3 mm, and 4 mm, respectively. The variations in Re c and J along different drilling angles are significantly obvious. When the confining pressure is large, the effect of anisotropy on Rec is much greater than that of confining pressure.
Numerical modeling of unidirectional flow in self-affine fractures using the lubrication approximation requires averaging of the transmissivity between the nodes. Seven averaging techniques are reviewed: arithmetic averaging of transmissivity; harmonic averaging of transmissivity; two averaging techniques derived by cell-based collocation method; global reconstruction of profile by means of multiquadrics; arithmetic averaging of aperture; harmonic averaging of aperture. In order to evaluate the performance of the seven techniques in terms of pressure errors and hydraulic aperture errors, self-affine profiles of 1024 nodes with different Hurst exponents (0.4 to 0.8) are generated. Every second node is then removed, resulting in 512-node profiles. Apertures at removed nodes are used in reference flow simulations on the 512-node profiles. Then, simulations with the seven averaging techniques are performed on 512-node profiles. Errors are computed with regard to the results obtained in the reference simulations. Reconstruction with multiquadrics is found to provide superior accuracy on self-affine profiles, followed by harmonic averaging of transmissivity or harmonic averaging of the aperture (Some of the errors analyzed in this study are minimized with the two last mentioned schemes.). Multiquadrics reconstruction is found to provide the best accuracy also on a smooth periodic profile.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.