Comparison of sympathetic neurons in orofacial and upper extremity nerves: Implications for causalgia

Hoffmann, Keith D.; Matthews, Murray A.

doi:10.1016/0278-2391(90)90057-9

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result was consistent with Parkinson et al () who described macroscopically a sympathetic nerve originating from the superior cervical ganglion and joining the abducens nerve and V1. Likewise, in the V2 and V3 of cats, Hoffmann and Matthews () reported that sensory fibers are much greater in number than sympathetic fibers in contrast to the median and ulnar nerves. No or few sympathetic nerve fibers seemed to be transferred in the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae from artery‐bounded sympathetic nerves as well as from the nearby ganglia although the human pterygopalatine and otic ganglia contain TH‐positive neurons (Kiyokawa et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since the possible artery‐bounded fibers to the mid‐ and lower‐face were likely to be under influence of circulation disorder (further discussion, see below), they might cause trigeminal neuralgia more frequently than the forehead. Such a pain was likely to be an analogy of causalgia that is closely related to sympathetic nerve dysfunction (Hoffmann and Matthews, ). However, the present result did not indicate few sympathetic nerve contents in dental branches of the inferior alveolar and infra‐orbital nerves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its vasoconstrictive function, sympathetic nerve block increases blood flow to a musculocutaneous flap after reconstructive surgery (Tsoutsos et al, 2008). Moreover, since TH-positive nerve fibers usually intermingle with sensory fibers, it is hypothesized that sympathetic nerves play a critical role in causing causalgia (Hoffmann and Matthews, 1990) and trigeminal neuralgia (Fried et al, 2001). Likewise, in patients with peripheral vascular diseases, lumbar sympathectomy decreases both sensory and vasomotor fibers (Coventry and Walsh, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Significant Differences in Sympathetic Nerve Fiber Density Among the Facial Skin Nerves: A Histologic Study Using Human Cadaveric Specimens

Matsubayashi

Cho

Jang³

et al. 2016

The Anatomical Record

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Sympathetic nerve fibers in the skin nerves are connected with vasomotor, thermoregulatory, sensory input modulatory, and immunologic events; however, to our knowledge, no histological information is available for skin nerves in the human face. Using specimens from 17 donated cadavers (mean age, 86 years), we measured a sectional area of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive fibers in (1) the frontal nerve (V1), (2) the infraorbital nerve (V2), (3) the mental nerve (V3), (4) the greater auricular nerve (C2), (5) the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN), and (6) the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve (VII). The V1, V2, and V3 were obtained at their entrances to the subcutaneous tissue from the bony canal or notch. The V1, C2, ATN, and/or VII usually contained abundant TH-positive fibers (almost 3%-8% of the nerve sectional area), whereas the V2 and V3 consistently carried few TH-positive fibers (<1%). The difference between these two groups was quite significant (P < 0.001). Thus, from the superior cervical ganglion, the sympathetic nerve fibers reached the forehead through the frontal nerve trunk, whereas artery-bounded fibers came to the cheek, nose, and mouth. The sympathetic palsy caused by trigeminal nerve involvement is mainly characterized by the symptoms seen in the distribution of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, such as in Horner's syndrome. It suggests that the forehead and the other facial areas are representative parts of those different sympathetic innervations that could be useful for evaluating the sympathetic function of the face in various diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Significant Differences in Sympathetic Nerve Fiber Density Among the Facial Skin Nerves: A Histologic Study Using Human Cadaveric Specimens

Matsubayashi

Cho

Jang³

et al. 2016

The Anatomical Record

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“…20 Exact mechanisms are not known, but sympathetic nerves are known to course with the vasculature of the head and neck. 21 In our experience, some patients report benefit from repeated local anesthetic blocks to the sphenopalatine ganglion, or from repeated cervical sympathetic blocks, with relief lasting well beyond the clinically effective length oftime of the local anesthetic. It is unclear whether sympathetic block produces analgesia by 1) interruption of the sympathetic efferents peripherally with a sphenopalatine ganglion block, 2) blockage of afferent fibers traveling in the sympathetic chain with a cervical sympathetic block, or 3) blockage of the afferents in the area of the turbinates, resulting in restoration of normal central nervous system inhibition and modulation in the trigeminal sensory brain stem complex.…”

Section: Plasticity and Deafferentationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Treatment of Chronic Paranasal Sinus Pain with Minimal Sinus Disease

Acquadro¹,

Montgomery²

1996

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

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A common problem for otolaryngologists are patients who present with recurrent, persistent sinus pain that appears out of proportion to the findings on physical examination. Often these patients have a history of recurrent sinusitis that required antibiotics or surgical intervention. Many have had repeated surgical procedures because of this pain. Other common past medical histories may include allergic rhinitis, facial trauma, or dental disease. Patients who have experienced documented acute sinusitis in the past will often present de novo with similar symptoms, but lack any objective evidence of a new active sinus infection. However, the diagnosis of sinusitis is not clearly removed from the patient's or clinician's mind, and the patient is further frustrated by the lack of adequate diagnosis, treatment, and resolution of symptoms. These patients may or may not be experiencing an upper respiratory tract infection or allergy with nasal drainage. Often, they are emotionally distraught from recurrent and persistent pain, the lack of resolution of their symptoms, dependency on narcotics and other analgesics, multiple consultations with a variety of clinicians, and the impingement of their symptoms on employment, interpersonal relationships, and societal and family obligations. If sinusitis is not found to be present, the otolaryngologist must help the patient understand this point, reassure him or her that the otolaryngologist will still be vigilant for the development of sinusitis, and refocus the history and workup for some other cause of the recurrent and persistent paranasal pain. We review various treatment approaches to paranasal pains that are not the result of sinusitis.

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“…It has been extensively used for drug delivery applications, [36][37][38][39] while more recently it has been investigated for neural tissue engineering applications, such as repair of peripheral nerve injury. [40][41][42] Poly (glycolic acid)/Poly (lactic acid)/Poly (lactic-coglycolic acid): Poly (glycolic acid) (PGA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) are biodegradable synthetic polymers, which can be reacted to form the copolymer poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid). [43][44][45] After implantation, the ester bonds in the backbone of the polymer can be hydrolyzed into by-products.…”

Section: Examples Of Such Materials Arementioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

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Comparison of sympathetic neurons in orofacial and upper extremity nerves: Implications for causalgia

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Significant Differences in Sympathetic Nerve Fiber Density Among the Facial Skin Nerves: A Histologic Study Using Human Cadaveric Specimens

Significant Differences in Sympathetic Nerve Fiber Density Among the Facial Skin Nerves: A Histologic Study Using Human Cadaveric Specimens

Treatment of Chronic Paranasal Sinus Pain with Minimal Sinus Disease

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