Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Nine Cephalosporins Against
            <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>
            and Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli

“…(6,12). Cefamandole exhibited somewhat less potency in this study than was noted previously by others (2,7,8,11,12,16) and by ourselves (4). This may be due, in part, to strain selection.…”

contrasting

confidence: 55%

In vitro activity of LY127935

Barza¹,

Tally²,

Jacobus³

et al. 1979

“…Among the newer cephalosporin-like antibiotics, the most promising are cefamandole and cefuroxime with good activity on Haemophilus and most of the Enterobacteriaceae (5,12) and cefoxitin with good activity on Bacteroides fragilis (13) and on the Enterobacteriaceae, with the exception of Enterobacter (3, 15); finally, cefazaflur was shown to be very active against the Enterobacteriaceae with the exception of Serratia (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Activity of Cefotaxime Against Cephalothin-Resistant Clinical Isolates

Landuyt

Pyckavet

1979

Cefotaxime is more active than six other cephalosporins against 150 cephalothin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains and is the only drug which is more active than ampicillin against Haemophilus. It shows a potentially useful activity against Pseudomonas.Cefotaxime is the sodium salt of 7-[(2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2(z)-methoxy-imino) acetamido] cephalosporanic acid. The antibacterial spectrum of the compound is considerably broader than that of known cephalosporins (8). The increase in resistance among the Enterobacteriaceae against cephalothin (11) and the emergence of ,B-lactamase-producing Haemophilus strains (9) has increased the demand for new antibiotics. Among the newer cephalosporin-like antibiotics, the most promising are cefamandole and cefuroxime with good activity on Haemophilus and most of the Enterobacteriaceae (5, 12) and cefoxitin with good activity on Bacteroides fragilis (13) and on the Enterobacteriaceae, with the exception of Enterobacter (3, 15); finally, cefazaflur was shown to be very active against the Enterobacteriaceae with the exception of Serratia (14).Cefotaxime has several advantages over the other newer cephalosporins. It has been shown by others to be more active than previous cephalosporins, including cefuroxime and cefoxitin, against cephalothin-susceptible strains and Haemophilus influenzae (1,7). Its stability against ,8-lactamase hydrolysis is comparable to that of cefuroxime and cefoxitin, but cefotaxime is the most active inhibitor of type 1 ,B-lactamase (6).In contrast, it seems to be less active than cefoxitin against Bacteroides fragilis (1).In accordance with these publications, it is clear from this study that cefotaxime is also very active against cephalothin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae with an activity that is at least 21 times greater than that of the second most active drug and the only drug with excellent activity against one of the most resistant species, namely, Serratia. It is also at least 45 times more active than the other cephalosporins against Haemophilus strains and the only one which is even

“…A new semisynthetic cephalosporin, cefamandole, exhibits a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity (2,4,5,7,12,13,18,19). Extension of the spectrum of cephalosporin activity by this compound is particularly noteworthy in that it includes many Enterobacter species and Haemophilus influenzae (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Correlation Between β-Lactamase Production and Susceptibility to Cefamandole or Cefoxitin Among Spontaneous Mutants of Enterobacteriaceae

Ott

Turner

Mahoney

1979

A large number of cultures of gram-negative bacteria were examined for their susceptibility to various concentrations of cefamandole, cefoxitin, carbenicillin, and nalidixic acid. Heterogeneity of susceptibility was demonstrated in individual cultures to all of these antibiotics. Resistant clones isolated from cefamandole or cefoxitin plates were examined for β-lactamase production. Approximately 13% of 262 resistant clones acquired the ability to produce a β-lactamase. Examination of the substrate profile of the β-lactamases from some of these clones revealed no change in the specific activity of these enzymes for cefamandole, cephaloridine, or compound 87/312 as compared with their parental enzymes. This study clearly shows that some resistant clones do not produce β-lactamases, whereas some susceptible strains produced significant amounts of these enzymes. We conclude from these findings that little correlation exists between β-lactamase production and decreased susceptibility to cefamandole or cefoxitin. The results suggest the possibility that characteristics other than β-lactamase production may be responsible for resistance in Enterobacteriaceae .