Comparison of the BOD POD with the four-compartment model in adult females

Fields, David A.; Wilson, G. Dennis; Gladden, L. Bruce; Hunter, Gary R.; Pascoe, David D.; Goran, Michael I.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200109000-00026

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…BOD POD; Life Measurement Incorporated, Concord, CA, USA), in part because of its wide applicability to many diverse populations and its relative ease both on the subject and tester as compared with more traditional techniques. This equipment has been widely validated against reference methods in healthy children, adolescents, adults and elderly (Sardinha et al, 1998;Collins et al, 1999;Levenhagen et al, 1999;Miyatake et al, 1999;Nunez et al, 1999;Wagner et al, 2000;Fields et al, 2001;Millard-Stafford et al, 2001;Bosy-Westphal et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2006). Furthermore, test-retest reliability, between-day variability, within-subject variability and between-instrument variability appear to be good to excellent (Fields et al, 2002;Ball, 2005;Going, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in thoracic gas volume with air-displacement plethysmography after a weight loss program in overweight and obese women

et al. 2007

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Objective: This study was designed to compare measured and predicted thoracic gas volume (V TG ) after weight loss and to analyze the effect of body composition confounders such as waist circumference (WC) on measured V TG changes. Design: Prospective intervention study. Setting: Outpatient University Laboratory, Lisbon, Portugal. Subjects: Eighty-five overweight and obese women (body mass index ¼ 30.073.5 kg/m 2 ; age ¼ 39.075.7 years) participating in a 16-month university-based weight control program designed to increase physical activity and improve diet. Methods: Body weight (Wb), body volume (Vb), body density (Db), fat mass (FM), percent fat mass (%FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) at baseline and at post-intervention (16 months). The ADP assessment included a protocol to measure V TG and a software-based predicted V TG . Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (Hologic QDR 1500) was also used to estimate FM, %FM and FFM. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) was assessed with a modified Balke cardiopulmonary exercise testing protocol with a breath-by-breath gas analysis. Results: Significant differences between the baseline and post-weight loss intervention were observed for body weight and composition (Vb, Db, %FM, FM and FFM), and measures of V TG (measured: D ¼ 0.2 l, Po0.001; predicted: D ¼ 0.01 l, Po0.010) variables. Measured V TG change was negatively associated with the change in the WC (P ¼ 0.008), controlling for VO 2 max and age (P ¼ 0.007, P ¼ 0.511 and P ¼ 0.331). Linear regression analysis results indicated that %FM and FM using the measured and predicted V TG explained 72 and 76%, and 86 and 90% respectively, of the variance in %FM and FM changes using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Conclusions: After weight loss, measured V TG increased significantly, which was partially attributed to changes is an indicator of body fat distribution such as WC. Consequently, measured and predicted V TG should not be used interchangeably when tracking changes in body composition. The mechanisms relating the reduction of an upper body fat distribution with an increase measured V TG are worthy of future investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in thoracic gas volume with air-displacement plethysmography after a weight loss program in overweight and obese women

et al. 2007

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“…Various studies have assessed the accuracy of body composition estimates obtained with ADP against established techniques, such as HW, in both adults [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and children. 5,6,10,13,14 However, although reported estimates of mean differences (biases) between HW and ADP are generally relatively small, there are inconsistencies in the observed direction of these biases and wide variation for individuals, as shown by a large range for the limits of agreement between methods (for review, see Fields 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within- and between-laboratory precision in the measurement of body volume using air displacement plethysmography and its effect on body composition assessment

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE:To determine and compare the extent of within-and between-laboratory precision in body volume (BV) measurements using air displacement plethysmography (ADP), the BOD POD body composition system, and to interpret any such variability in terms of body composition estimates. DESIGN: Repeated test procedures of BV assessment using the BOD POD ADP were reproduced at two laboratories for the estimation of precision, both within and between laboratories. SUBJECTS: In total, 30 healthy adult volunteers, 14 men (age, 19-48 y; body mass index (BMI), 19.7-30.3 kg/m 2 ) and 16 women (age, BMI,.7 kg/m 2 ), were each subjected to two test procedures at both laboratories. Two additional volunteers were independently subjected to 10 repeated test procedures at both laboratories. MEASUREMENTS: Repeated measurements of BV, uncorrected for the effects of isothermal air in the lungs and the surface area artifact, were obtained using the BOD POD ADP, with the identical protocol being faithfully applied at both laboratories. Uncorrected BV measurements were adjusted to give estimates of actual BV that were used to calculate body density (body weight (BWt)/actual BV) from which estimates of body composition were derived. The differences between repeated BV measurements or body composition estimates were used to assess within-laboratory precision (repeatability), as standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation; the differences between measurements reproduced at each laboratory were used to determine between-laboratory precision (reproducibility), as bias and 95% limits of agreement (from SD of the differences between laboratories). RESULTS: The extent of within-laboratory methodological precision for BV (uncorrected and actual) was variable according to subject, sample group and laboratory conditions (range of SD, 0.04-0.13 l), and was mostly due to within-individual biological variability (typically 78-99%) rather than to technical imprecision. There was a significant (Po0.05) bias between laboratories for the 10 repeats on the two independent subjects (up to 0.29 l). Although no significant bias (P ¼ 0.077) was evident for the sample group of 30 volunteers (À0.05 l), the 95% limits of agreement were considerable (À0.68 to 0.58 l). The effects of this variability in BV on body composition were relatively greater: for example, within-laboratory precision (SD) for body fat as % BWt was between 0.56 and 1.34% depending on the subject and laboratory; the bias (À0.59%) was not significant between laboratories, but there were large 95% limits of agreement (À3.67 to 2.50%). CONCLUSION: Within-laboratory precision for each BOD POD instrument was reasonably good, but was variable according to the prevailing conditions. Although the bias between the two instruments was not significant for the BV measurements, implying that they can be used interchangeably for groups of similar subjects, the relatively large 95% limits of agreement indicate that greater consideration may be needed for assessing individuals with different ADP in...

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“…Some of these studies also included some overweight or obese subjects, but none of them had a large study population with an average %FM as high as this study. 5,[24][25][26] It is interesting to notice that the regression line, indicated in the Bland-Altman plot, crosses the line of zero difference at a %FM of 21%, which is a normal %FM for a healthy population of normal weight men and women. This suggests that for normal weight subjects there may have been no difference in %FM between techniques.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Measurement of longitudinal changes in body composition during weight loss and maintenance in overweight and obese subjects using air-displacement plethysmography in comparison with the deuterium dilution technique

2010

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Background: Air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) may be a valid and practical technique to assess body composition in a clinical setting. Objective. This study aimed to assess longitudinal changes in body composition using ADP and to compare it with the deuterium dilution technique. Design: The study was a 6-months dietary intervention, consisting of four phases. The first month, subjects were fed in energy balance (phase I). This was followed by 1 month with an energy intake of 33% of energy requirements (phase II), followed by 2 months at 67% of energy requirements (phase III) and 2 months of ad libitum intake (phase IV). Body composition was assessed using ADP (Bod Pod) and deuterium dilution at baseline and at the end of each phase. The baseline analysis included 111 subjects (88 female). Sixty-one subjects (50 female) completed all measurements and were included in the longitudinal analysis. Results: At baseline, the fat mass (FM) as assessed with the Bod Pod was on average 2.3 ± 4.2 kg (mean ± 2 s.d.) higher than that assessed with deuterium dilution. The difference in FM between techniques increased significantly with increasing FM (R 2 ¼ 0.23; Po0.001). Both techniques showed significant changes in FM over time Po0.001). On average, FM as assessed with the Bod Pod was 2.0 kg higher than with deuterium dilution (Po0.001). During phase II, there was a significant interaction between time and method, meaning that the Bod Pod showed a larger decrease in FM than deuterium dilution. Conclusions: The Bod Pod was able to detect all changes in the body composition, but consistently measured a higher FM than deuterium dilution.

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Comparison of the BOD POD with the four-compartment model in adult females

Abstract: These data indicate that the BOD POD underpredicted body fat as compared with the 4C model, and the aqueous fraction of the FFM had a significant effect on estimates of %fat by the BOD POD.

Cited by 58 publications

References 27 publications

Changes in thoracic gas volume with air-displacement plethysmography after a weight loss program in overweight and obese women

Changes in thoracic gas volume with air-displacement plethysmography after a weight loss program in overweight and obese women

Within- and between-laboratory precision in the measurement of body volume using air displacement plethysmography and its effect on body composition assessment

Measurement of longitudinal changes in body composition during weight loss and maintenance in overweight and obese subjects using air-displacement plethysmography in comparison with the deuterium dilution technique

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