Comparison of the Calcium Carbide Method and Darr Drying to Quantify the Amount of Chemically Bound Water in Early Age Concrete

Abstract

Hydration is the exothermic reaction between anhydrous cement and water, which forms the solid cement matrix of concrete. Being able to evaluate the hydration is of high interest for the use of both conventional and more climate-friendly building materials. The experimental monitoring is based on temperature or moisture measurements. The first needs adiabatic conditions, which can only be achieved in laboratory. The latter is often measured comparing the weight of the material sample before and after oven drying, which is time-consuming. This study investigates the moisture content of two cement-based and two calcium sulphate based mixtures for the first 90 days by using the calcium carbide method and oven drying at 40 °C and 105 °C (Darr method). Thereby, the amount of chemically bound water is determined to derive the degree of hydration. The calcium carbide measurements highly coincide with oven drying at 40 °C. The calcium carbide method is therefore evaluated as a suitable alternative to the time-consuming Darr drying. The prompt results are seen as a remarkable advantage and can be obtained easily in laboratory as well as in the field.

A Theoretical Study on the Spatiotemporal Variation in the Temperature Field in Linings of High-Water-Temperature Tunnels

“…Zajac et al [12] found, through research, that high temperatures can result in densification of the matrix, which limits further reaction progress. Strangfeld et al [13] studied the effect of high temperatures on the degree of concrete hydration and proposed a laboratory method for testing the degree of hydration. Farqad et al [14] analyzed the effect of high temperatures on the hydration rate of cement pastes.…”