Comparison of the Characteristics (Frequency and Timing) of Drought and Wetness Indices of Annual Mean Water Levels in the Five North American Great Lakes

Assani, Ali A.; Landry, Raphaëlle; Azouaoui, Ouassila; Massicotte, Philippe; Gratton, Denis

doi:10.1007/s11269-015-1166-9

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The absence of a shift in the mean values of monthly mean maximum and minimum water levels in Lake Michigan-Huron, despite the fact that it is less deep than Lake Superior, might suggest that water warming causing intense evaporation was less extensive in Lake Michigan-Huron than in Lake Superior. In addition, this absence of shifts in mean and variance was also observed in annual mean water levels in this lake [6]. Although Lake Ontario water levels are highly regulated as a result of the digging of the St. Lawrence Seaway during the 1950s, the shift in the mean values of monthly mean minimum water levels in this lake took place in the 1940s, before Seaway construction, and is the result of increased precipitation in the wake of the Great Drought of the 1930s.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Thus, the temporal variability of their water levels is entirely determined by climate variability. It follows that shifts in the mean values of water levels in Lake Erie are caused by the succession of dry and wet periods in the Great Lakes watershed [6]. Analysis of precipitation and evaporation in the Great Lakes watershed reveals that the shift that occurred in the 1960s is linked with a large increase in precipitation while, unlike this first shift, the second shift that took place in the late 1990s cannot be linked to a substantial decrease in precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some of these works have had a major impact on water levels in some of the five Great Lakes (e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6]), no study as of yet has looked at the impacts of this development on the stationarity and dependence of water levels in all five Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. This study aims to fill this gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Impacts of Man-Made Features on the Stationarity and Dependence of Monthly Mean Maximum and Minimum Water Levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America

Assani

2016

Water

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Abstract:Various manmade features (diversions, dredging, regulation, etc.) have affected water levels in the Great Lakes and their outlets since the 19th century. The goal of this study is to analyze the impacts of such features on the stationarity and dependence between monthly mean maximum and minimum water levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River from 1919 to 2012. As far as stationarity is concerned, the Lombard method brought out shifts in mean and variance values of monthly mean water levels in Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River related to regulation of these waterbodies in the wake of the digging of the St. Lawrence Seaway in the mid-1950s. Water level shifts in the other lakes are linked to climate variability. As for the dependence between water levels, the copula method revealed a change in dependence mainly between Lakes Erie and Ontario following regulation of monthly mean maximum and minimum water levels in the latter. The impacts of manmade features primarily affected the temporal variability of monthly mean water levels in Lake Ontario.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Impacts of Man-Made Features on the Stationarity and Dependence of Monthly Mean Maximum and Minimum Water Levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America

Assani

2016

Water

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“…In relation to the frequency and timing of annual water level related drought and wetness indices for the Great Lakes, Assani et al (2016) found that the NAO is inversely correlated with extreme drought indices for Lakes Ontario and Erie whilst only Lake Superior displays correlations with the PDO (positive) and SOI (negative) for indices of extreme wetness, corroborating earlier findings of Biron et al (2014) for St. Lawrence River levels. In a study that focused exclusively on the influence of the NAO on the Great Lakes, and considered the concomitant trends of the NAO and Great Lakes' water levels using a 95 year record, Dogan (2016) found that changes in the trend of lake levels occurred in 1965 and 1987 with the relationship between these changes and the NAO being in the same direction for the months of February to April, but reversed for June through August with an increasing zonal gradient of influence of the NAO from Lake Superior to Lake Ontario.…”

Section: Lakessupporting

confidence: 84%

Hydroclimatology, modes of climatic variability and stream flow, lake and groundwater level variability

McGregor

2017

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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(2017) 'Hydroclimatology, modes of climatic variability and stream ow, lake and groundwater level variability.', Progress in physical geography., 41 (4). pp. 496-512. Further information on publisher's website:https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133317726537Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Hydroclimatology is an expansive discipline largely concerned with understanding the workings of the hydrological cycle in a climate context. Acknowledging this, and given the burgeoning interest in the relation between climate and water in the context of working towards an improved understanding of the impacts of climatic variability on water resources this progress report turns its attention to the connection between large scale modes of climatic variability and hydrological variability in streams, lakes and groundwater. A survey of the recent literature finds a plethora of teleconnection indices have been employed in the analysis of hydrological variability. Indices representing modes of climatic variability such as El Nino Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Pacific North America pattern, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and Atlantic Meridional Oscillation dominate the literature on climatic and hydrological variability. While examples of discernible signals of modes of climatic variability in stream flow and lake and groundwater level time series abound, the associations between periodic to quasi-period oscillations in atmospheric/ocean circulation patterns and variability within the terrestrial branch of the hydrological are far from simple being both monotonic (linear and non-linear) and non-monotonic and also conditional on period of analysis, season and geographic region. While there has been considerable progress over the last five years in revealing the climate mechanisms that underlie the links between climatic and hydrological variability a bothering feature of the literature is how climatic and hydrological variability is often viewed through a purely statistical lens with little attention given to diagnosing the relationship in terms of atmosphere and ocean physics and dynamics. Consequently significant progress remains to be made in obtaining a satisfactory hydroclimatological understanding of stream flow, lake and groundwater variability especially, if hydroclimatological knowledge is to be fully integrated into water resource management and planning.3

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“…In addition, the problem of drought can occur at the regional or global scale. Being influenced by global climatic events containing ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) [1][2][3][4][5], PDO (Pacific Decadal Oscillation) [6][7][8][9][10][11], IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) [12][13][14][15], and NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) [16][17][18][19][20], drought can be quite complicated. Hence, the research on its spatiotemporal distribution and its responses to global climatic events are of critical significance for the assessment and early warning of drought disasters, as well as rational utilization of regional water resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Droughts in the Xijiang River Basin, China and Its Responses to Global Climatic Events

Qiu

Wang

Xiao

2017

Water

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Abstract:The Xijiang River is a main branch of the Pearl River, the largest river in South China. Droughts in this area have seriously influenced local water resource utilization, and socio-economic development. The spatiotemporal distribution of droughts and its responses to global climatic events are of critical significance for the assessment and early warning of drought disasters. In this paper, the spatiotemporal patterns of droughts characterized by Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function/Rotated Principal Components (REOF/RPC) in the Xijiang River Basin, China were evaluated using the Self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (Sc-PDSI). The drought responses to El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), India Ocean Dipole (IOD), and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) were analysed by Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise regression. The results showed that one year earlier NAO was the dominant factor impacting the droughts in the Xijiang Basin. Its contribution for the RPC2s of the annual, the first and second half years, winter, summer, autumn, and February were −0.556, −0.419, 0.597, −0.447, 0.542, 0.600, and −0.327, respectively. Besides the two adjacent Pacific and India oceans, the droughts seem be influenced by distant Atlantic climatic events. These results offer new reference insights into the early warning of droughts as well as the planning and management of water resources in the study area.

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Comparison of the Characteristics (Frequency and Timing) of Drought and Wetness Indices of Annual Mean Water Levels in the Five North American Great Lakes

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Analysis of the Impacts of Man-Made Features on the Stationarity and Dependence of Monthly Mean Maximum and Minimum Water Levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America

Analysis of the Impacts of Man-Made Features on the Stationarity and Dependence of Monthly Mean Maximum and Minimum Water Levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America

Hydroclimatology, modes of climatic variability and stream flow, lake and groundwater level variability

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Droughts in the Xijiang River Basin, China and Its Responses to Global Climatic Events

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