Comparison of the Clinical Features of Hepatitis A in People Living with HIV between Pandemics in 1999–2000 and 2017–2018 in the Metropolitan Area of Japan

Koga, Michiko; Lim, Lay Ahyoung; Ogishi, Masato; Satoh, Hitomi; Kimura, Tadashi; Adachi, Eisuke; Sugiyama, Ryuichi; Kiyohara, Tomoko; Suzuki, Ritsuro; Muramatsu, Masamichi; Koibuchi, Tomohiko; Tsutsumi, Takeshi; Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.275

Cited by 7 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In Japan, where no universal vaccination programs against HAV infection exist, 10–20% of those with HIV infection tested positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-hepatitis A (HA) antibodies [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. This prevalence is similar to that of IgG anti-HA in those without HIV infection [ 36 , 37 ], although a higher prevalence area can also be observed in Japan [ 38 ]. In general, individuals of high-risk groups, such as healthcare workers, sewage workers, and drug addicts, have ~60% of IgG anti-HA worldwide [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Coinfection Of Hav With Hivsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…In the United States, HAV infections also increased among MSM from 2016 to 2018 [ 54 , 136 , 137 ]. Since 2017, HAV infection has increased among MSM in Japan [ 34 , 37 , 52 ]. RIVM-HAV16-090-like hepatitis A virus strains, which were >99.6% identical to the 66 reported strains isolated from Taiwan and European countries from 2015 to 2017, were also recovered from Japanese MSM [ 52 ].…”

Section: Prevention Of Hav Infection In Patients With Chronic LIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

Sasaki

Masuzaki

Takahashi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection occasionally leads to a critical condition in patients with or without chronic liver diseases. Acute-on-chronic liver disease includes acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and non-ACLF. In this review, we searched the literature concerning the association between HAV infection and chronic liver diseases in PubMed. Chronic liver diseases, such as metabolic associated fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, coinfection with other viruses, and host genetic factors may be associated with severe hepatitis A. It is important to understand these conditions and mechanisms. There may be no etiological correlation between liver failure and HAV infection, but there is an association between the level of chronic liver damage and the severity of acute-on-chronic liver disease. While the application of an HAV vaccination is important for preventing HAV infection, the development of antivirals against HAV may be important for preventing the development of ACLF with HAV infection as an acute insult. The latter is all the more urgent given that the lives of patients with HAV infection and a chronic liver disease of another etiology may be at immediate risk.

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Section: Coinfection Of Hav With Hivsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Prevention Of Hav Infection In Patients With Chronic LIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

Sasaki

Masuzaki

Takahashi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…In addition, sexual transmission is a well-recognized mode of HAV transmission, and men who have sex with men (MSM) are known to be at high risk of infection [ 3 , 4 ]. In 2018, an outbreak of hepatitis A was reported in a MSM population in Japan [ 5 , 6 ]. The viral strain in this outbreak was identified as the genotype 1A strain RIVM-HAV16-090, which was involved in a global outbreak in the MSM community in 2016–2017 [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2018, an outbreak of hepatitis A was reported in a MSM population in Japan [ 5 , 6 ]. The viral strain in this outbreak was identified as the genotype 1A strain RIVM-HAV16-090, which was involved in a global outbreak in the MSM community in 2016–2017 [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Excretion of Hepatitis A Virus in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Ishizaka

Koga

Mizutani

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) causes transient acute infection, and little is known of viral shedding via the duodenum and into the intestinal environment, including the gut microbiome, from the period of infection until after the recovery of symptoms. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to comprehensively observe the amount of virus excreted into the intestinal tract, the changes in the intestinal microbiome, and the level of inflammation during the healing process. We used blood and stool specimens from patients with human immunodeficiency virus who were infected with HAV during the HAV outbreak in Japan in 2018. Moreover, we observed changes in fecal HAV RNA and quantified the plasma cytokine level and gut microbiome by 16S rRNA analysis from clinical onset to at least 6 months after healing. HAV was detected from clinical onset up to a period of more than 150 days. Immediately after infection, many pro-inflammatory cytokines were elicited, and some cytokines showed different behaviors. The intestinal microbiome changed significantly after infection (dysbiosis), and the dysbiosis continued for a long time after healing. These observations suggest that the immunocompromised state is associated with prolonged viral shedding into the intestinal tract and delayed recovery of the intestinal environment.

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“…After 1998, sexual activity was one of the most important transmission routes of HAV infection in the metropolitan Tokyo area of Japan [12]. Koga et al analyzed the clinical features of HAV infection in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) between pandemics in 1999-2000 and 2017-2018 in the metropolitan Tokyo area of Japan [13]. Of interest, all 16 HAV-HIV-coinfected patients (five and 11 in 1999-2000 and 2017-2018, respectively) were MSM [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male-Dominant Hepatitis A Outbreak Observed among Non-HIV-Infected Persons in the Northern Part of Tokyo, Japan

Honda

Asakura

Somura

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Recently, we experienced an outbreak of acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection between 2018 and 2020. Herein, we describe this male-dominant HAV infection outbreak observed among non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons in the northern part of Tokyo, Japan. Clinical information was collected from patient interviews and from medical record descriptions. In the present study, 21 patients were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 90.4 and 33.3% of patients were males, and men who have sex with men (MSM), respectively. The total bilirubin levels and platelet counts tended to be lower in the MSM group than in the non-MSM group. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels tended to be higher in acute liver failure (ALF) patients than in non-ALF patients. Prolonged cholestasis was observed in one patient (4.8%). We also found that 18 HAV isolates belonged to HAV subgenotype IA/subgroup 13 (S13), which clustered with the HAV isolate (KX151459) that was derived from an outbreak of HAV infection among MSM in Taiwan in 2015. Our results suggest that the application of antivirals against HAV, as well as HAV vaccines, would be useful for the treatment and prevention of severe HAV infection.

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Comparison of the Clinical Features of Hepatitis A in People Living with HIV between Pandemics in 1999–2000 and 2017–2018 in the Metropolitan Area of Japan

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

Prolonged Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Excretion of Hepatitis A Virus in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Male-Dominant Hepatitis A Outbreak Observed among Non-HIV-Infected Persons in the Northern Part of Tokyo, Japan

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